Suspended particulate matter is responsible for vitamin D deficiency
What made you link vitamin D to air pollution?
An increasing number of children suffering from seizures due to lack of calcium was the first clue. Secondly, we knew from earlier studies that pollution affects the amount of ultraviolet (uv-b) rays reaching the ground and from there we drew the linkages.
Which pollutants hinder uv-b rays?
As the haze consists mainly of suspended particulate matter (spm), it seems to be the main culprit. Pollutants such as nitrogen and sulphur might also be affecting the synthesis of vitamin d but this needs to be checked out.
What are the spm sources in the study areas?
Vehicular exhaust is one. Others are combustion fumes, emissions from cooking fuel and dust from construction sites.
What should be done to counter the problem?
The first thing is the acceptance of the fact that children living in areas receiving abundant sunlight can also suffer from vitamin d deficiency. Secondly, it should be ensured that children spend sufficient time in the sun. We are also carrying out a study to find out whether providing the vitamin as a supplement at the onset of winters, when sunlight is less, would help solve the problem.
What has been the reaction to the study?
It is too early to assess that. Researchers from Latin America have contacted us to provide more information so that they can assess if the same is applicable in their area also. We need to cross check the results of the study in different areas.