Greenhouse gas impact of bioenergy pathways
This study, commissioned by the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), offers an assessment of the effect of bioenergy on greenhouse gas emissions. It combines estimates of supply-chain emissions from liquid and solid biofuels and direct and indirect land-use-change emissions with different bioenergy pathways: for transport fuel, electricity, and heat. The report also deals with carbon impact, carbon debt and payback times of using energy feedstocks from the forestry sector.