The catastrophic landfill flowslide at Hongao dumpsite on 20 December 2015 in Shenzhen, China
A catastrophic flowslide occurred at the Hongao dumpsite on 20 December 2015 in the Guangming New District of Shenzhen, China. The flowslide caused 77 causalities and damaged 33 buildings. In the absence of extreme weather conditions and seismic activity, the causes of the failure were analyzed on the basis of multi-temporal remote-sensing images, site investigation, in situ tests, laboratory tests, and numerical analyses. Site investigations showed that the volume of the displaced material was 2.32 × 106 m3 and the volume of the pre-failure waste filling was 6.27 × 106 m3. The flowslide was characterized by high travel velocity and long runout distance.