Sonar sensing predicated automatic spraying technology for orchards
Wastage of chemical inputs and environmental degradation have been a serious issues with conventional methods of pesticide application in agricultural and horticultural engenderment, resulting in fruit poisoning. 
A tractor-operated low-cost, ultrasonic sensor predicated selective pesticide sprayer was developed and tested for efficient spraying on the plant canopy and to abstain from spraying in canopy absentia. Sensing technology was interfaced with programmed Atmega328P for automatic spray control through pump, solenoid valves and nozzles.