The paper addresses the critical issue of inclusion or exclusion of the urban poor in the NGO provided health care service delivery system in Bangladesh. The author develops a framework for showing how the urban poor would be targeted and reached by the NGOs with both inclusion and exclusion errors. Interviews conducted with head of the households and service centers provide the primary information for analysis. The study reveals that both external and internal factors related with the project influence the utilization rate of the services of the Urban Primary Health Care Project (UPHCP) centre.