Bali once had a reputation as a tropical idyll. But the unfettered expansion of mass tourism on the island has created mountains of trash, overwhelming the ability of the Balinese, who traditionally wrapped and served food in palm leaves or other biodegradable plant material, to manage the mess. Plastic and other waste has simply been dumped or burned. To deal with the problem, two conflicting waste management strategies have emerged. Each claims climate benefit and employment for the poor, each has received international recognition and each has suffered setbacks. Bali Fokus, a nonprofit organization founded in 2000 by Yuyun Ismawati, an environmental engineer, offers a community-based, low cost, decentralized approach. It teaches people in the towns of Denpasar, Gianyar and Badung to separate waste in their homes and in village facilities: organic waste is used to make compost and pig food. Bali Fokus also teaches women to make products out of recyclable materials that they can sell for profit. Ms. Ismawati