Coal, is a primary source of energy in India and plays a critical role in economic development and growth of the country. About 55% of primary commercial energy and 70% of power generation in India are coal based. Demand of coal by 2031-32 is expected to be over 2 billion tonnes per annum, as against current consumption of around 500 million tonnes. Extraction or mining of coal is fighting against nature and has adverse environmental impacts. Coal India has an Environment Management Policy, that comprises mitigative measures adopted against pollution of air, water, noise, effect on hydrology, land and soil due to mining operations. This is also a prerequisite to obtain environmental clearance from the Ministry of Environment and Forest, GOI for starting and operating a coal-mining project. To check air pollution due to mining operations Coal India has initiated several mitigating measures including installation of dust extractors, commissioning of mobile and static water sprinklers, black topping of coal transportation roads etc. Besides these, massive avenue plantation alongside haul transportation roads, barrier plantations between mines / washeries and residential areas, transportation of coal through covered belt conveyors / trucks / dumpers etc. have been taken up. Coal India has planted about 7 crore plants with a survival rate of over 85%. Thirty open cast mines of Coal India are in possession of ISO 14001 certification. Coal India is also concerned about water pollution, which is mitigated by commissioning of oil and grease traps in all the workshops to make discharges free from pollutants. Sedimentation ponds clear the mine discharge while the Effluent Treatment Plants located in the operations area deal with discharges of workshops, mines, Coal Handling Plants etc. The Sewage Treatment Plants manage the domestic effluents. The noise pollution is monitored round the clock from pre fixed monitoring stations to assess the magnitude of the noise and also to ensure that the noise level is within permissible limits. The blasting vibrations are monitored regularly to keep them within permissible limits. Coal India puts equal importance in bringing the degraded land back to its pre-mining condition, as far as possible, though reclamation processes. The mined out areas and the external overburden dumps are reclaimed both technically and biologically. This is followed by plantation giving back to nature the ecological balance. In a recent initiative, the land restoration / reclamation activity in each major opencast project has been subjected to surveillance through satellite images to record and report progress in each case annually. After exhaustion of reserve in a mine, it is closed and a Mine Closure Plan is placed into operation. This ensures sustainable livelihood of local community and a self-sustainable ecosystem. For disposal of fly-ash from Power Stations and washery rejects, CIL has initiated some measures. Fly ash is now being used in some cases to fill mine voids while the coal washery rejects are used in captive thermal power plants using fluidised bed technology. Steps for commercial exploitation of Coal Bed Methane have been initiated by CIL along with some other actions towards promotion of CDM. Remote sensing technology is now being used by Coal India to prepare comprehensive land maps which are updated every 3 years for all its major coalfields and also to assess the impact of mining. Beginning 2009-10 reports of land restoration/ reclamation in major opencast mines based on satellite images are being uploaded on the websites of CIL, CMPDIL and the coal companies. This is expected to bring transparency in sharing of information to public on crucial environment mitigation activity. Being a socially responsible corporate citizen, Coal India is committed to minimize the negative impact of coal mining using its Environment Management Plan and promoting sustainable development activities. Coal India is committed to make its working areas and surroundings "Clean and Green". Wind power India is the fifth largest in the world in terms of installed wind power capacity, with 9587.14 MW (as of November 2008). The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy has planned a capacity addition of 10,500 MW during 2007-2012. The reasons for the growth of this sector include a short gestation period and availability of advanced wind turbine technology. The first wind monitoring station in the country was estab-i lished in Sultanpet, Tamil Nadu in 1986. At present, the state of Maharashtra has the maximum wind monitoring stations in the country standing at 91. Gujarat is estimated to have the maximum gross wind power potential among all states at 9675 MW. Geothermal energy Even though exploration and study of geothermal fields started as far back as in 1970 in India, the geothermal energy sector is not yet fully tapped in the country. The Geological Survey of India has identified nearly 350 geothermal energy locations in the country, but progress seems slow. The India Energy Portal (IEP) ' estimates that India has the potential to generate about 10,000 MW of f geothermal energy. The Himalayas, Sohana, West coast, Cambay, Son-Narmada-Tapi (SONATA), Godavari and Mahanadi are the seven geothermal provinces in India, with the Puga field in the north-west part of the Himalayas recognised as the most promising area among these zones. The potential applications of geothermal energy are power generation, cooking, space heating, use in greenhouse cultivation and crop drying. Biofuels In India, Jatropha plant seeds are mainly used to produce biofuels as they are extremely rich in oil content. In September 2008, the Indian government announced the National Biofuel Policy, which aims to meet 20 per cent of the country's diesel demand with fuel derived from plants. Bajaj Green LEDs GREEN is a renewal of our pledge to Mother Nature. It is based on LEDs