Despite huge investments in the health sector and vast manpower deployed, Uttar Pradesh has become a cauldron of diseases. Every second child in the state is under the threat of being attacked by diseases like encephalitis, measles, polio, dengue, malaria, tuberculosis, not to talk of diseases like diarrhoea of which no one keeps a record, but which has a high mortality rate. In 2007, over 500 children died from an unknown strain of encephalitis virus, 305 children were affected with polio, and 2,556 with tuberculosis