This document contains the presentation by M. Dinesh Kumar, O P Singh, Manoj Kumar Sharma , Nitin Bassi and Harish Kumara at National climate research conference, IIT Delhi, March 5-6, 2010. North Gujarat has been experiencing climatic variability for centuries. The high year to year variation in rainfall, sandy soils and the high soil evaporation cause disproportionately higher variation in stream-flows and groundwater recharge in the region. Because of this, there is a high frequency of occurrence of droughts, leading to shortage of water for irrigation and drinking, and fodder. Socio-economic changes during the past 4-5 decades changed the region