Climate Agreements

Sub-Saharan Africa’s Economic Outlook 2025: Navigating Uncertainty and Aligning Policy for Sustainable Recovery

The IMF’s April 2025 Regional Economic Outlook for Sub-Saharan Africa presents a clear warning: regional growth is slowing, debt pressures are mounting, and donor assistance is declining. Yet the report outlines critical opportunities particularly in domestic revenue mobilization, structural reform, and private sector activation that can shape a more resilient …

Climate talks advancing faster towards December deal

A groundbreaking UN climate-change deal is edging closer, according to a French government document, as countries scramble to avoid a repeat of the last big summit on the issue in 2009, which ended in acrimony. Diplomats are making more progress than they have formally disclosed in public, although many important …

Treat climate change as seriously as national security, global report finds

Governments should treat climate change as seriously as threats to national security or public health, partly by focusing more on the worst scenarios of rising temperatures, an international report said on Monday. Crop failures, extreme heat waves or high rates of sea level rise could be so harmful that governments …

Vision for Paris: building an effective climate agreement

This report outlines the emerging elements of a Paris climate agreement based on in-depth discussions among senior climate negotiators from leading countries. The report foresees a durable legal agreement that sets binding commitments for all parties, holds countries accountable, and works to progressively strengthen global ambition. The report was prepared …

Soot and short-lived pollutants provide political opportunity

Cutting levels of soot and other short-lived pollutants delivers tangible benefits and helps governments to build confidence that collective action on climate change is feasible. After the Paris climate meeting this December, actually reducing these pollutants will be essential to the credibility of the diplomatic process. (Opinion)

Seizing the global opportunity: partnerships for better growth and better climate - the 2015 new climate economy report

Better economic growth can help close the greenhouse gas emissions gap, according to a new report released by the New Climate Economy, the flagship project of the Global Commission on the Economy and Climate. Seizing the Global Opportunity: Partnerships for Better Growth and a Better Climate identifies 10 key areas …

A minilateral solution for global climate change?: on bargaining efficiency, club benefits and international legitimacy

Gridlock in the multilateral climate negotiations has created growing scholarly and practical interest in the use of minilateral forums. A large variety of climate club proposals have been developed in recent years, which promise more effective bargaining among the main climate powers, better incentives to encourage mitigation efforts and discourage …

Africa climate change policy: an adaptation and development challenge in a dangerous world

Africa lags dangerously behind on climate adaptation strategies and implementation. Scattered and incoherent climate related policies exist but are not sufficient to give the continent a survival chance under adverse climate change impacts. In a business as usual Africa; adverse effects of climate related disasters will far outweigh the capacity …

100 billion reasons a global climate pact may fall apart

The richest nations still haven't convinced the rest of the world they're willing to pick up the tab to help curb climate change, diplomats warned at a United Nations conference Monday. With five months to go before a critical conference that's expected to result in a global emissions pact, developing …

ACT signs two international agreements on climate change, commits to disclosing emissions

ACT government will commit to report annually on its emissions reduction progress to help build the first global account of greenhouse gas after signing two new international agreements, Environment Minister Simon Corbell announced on Monday. Mr Corbell said he believed the move will help to further the governments involvement in …

World’s biggest polluter China to sign pledge with EU to get Paris climate deal

China, the world’s biggest polluter, will sign a joint pledge with the European Union this month to seek a United Nations agreement to tackle climate change as one of “the greatest threats facing humanity”, according to a draft statement seen by Reuters. Chinese Premier Li Keqiang will endorse the statement …

Building climate equity: creating a new approach from the ground up

For more than two decades, crafting global actions that all nations believe to be equitable has been a central challenge for international climate policy. A new approach is required to resolve this challenge. Building on the experiences of 23 countries, this report demonstrates that climate action and equity can be …

Bonn meeting ends with last-minute compromise on Paris climate text

Climate change negotiators meeting in Bonn on Thursday came up with a last-minute compromise that observers hope will put the talks on track for a new global agreement on greenhouse gases. Slow progress was made until the final hours, as nations wrangled over the wording of an 89-page draft text, …

Africa Progress Report 2015: power, people, planet - seizing Africa’s energy and climate opportunities

Renewable energy is at the forefront of the changes sweeping Africa, and a “triple win” is within the region’s grasp to increase agricultural productivity, improve resilience to climate change, and contribute to long-term reductions in dangerous carbon emissions. This is the message of a new report by former U.N. Secretary-General …

U.N. climate deal in Paris may be graveyard for 2C goal

The U.N.'s Paris climate conference, designed to reach a plan for curbing global warming, may instead become the graveyard for its defining goal: to stop temperatures rising more than 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels. Achieving the 2C (3.6 Fahrenheit) target has been the driving force for climate negotiators and …

Australia to be quizzed on climate policy at UN meetings in Germany

Australia will be quizzed on its carbon emission reduction policies during United Nations climate change meetings in Germany this week. The 10-day meetings in Bonn are part of negotiations in the lead-up to December’s climate change conference in Paris, where all countries are hoping to sign an agreement to cut …

2015 global climate legislation study: a review of climate change legislation in 99 countries - summary for policy-makers

This report summarises the main insights from the 2015 Global Climate Legislation Study. It is the fifth edition in a series dating back to 2010. The 2015 edition covers 98 countries plus the EU, up from 66 in 2014, which together account for 93 per cent of global greenhouse gas …

Governments certain to seal Paris climate deal: U.N. climate chief

Governments are certain to sign a global climate deal in Paris in six months' time even though most countries have yet to outline how they plan to cut emissions, the United Nations' climate chief said on Tuesday. Almost 200 governments are due to meet at a conference in Paris from …

California Leads Unprecedented International Climate Agreement—“Under 2 MOU”

Late yesterday, California sealed a Memorandum of Understanding (“Under 2 MOU”) with 11 other states and provinces in the Americas and Europe to limit their greenhouse gas emissions to 80-95% by 2050 from 1990 levels. The tricontinental pledge is without precedent and very forward-looking. It will help keep global temperature …

The role of the 2015 agreement in enhancing adaptation to climate change

Adaptation responses are needed to address the existing levels of climate variability and to prepare for future climate impacts. There is wide agreement that adaptation is an important issue and would benefit from being enhanced through more effective action and better planning. The prominence of adaptation in the UNFCCC negotiations …

California, international leaders sign climate change agreement

California and leaders of 11 states and provinces signed an agreement on Tuesday to limit their output of heat-trapping greenhouse gases 80 to 95 percent by 2050, a goal they hope will help prevent runaway climate change. The target, which is based on a 1990 benchmark, will allow the individual …

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