Viral Diseases

Order of the National Green Tribunal regarding pollution of Godavari river, Telangana, 29/05/2025

Order of the National Green Tribunal in the matter of News Item titled "Telangana: Deepening pollution crisis in Godawari threatens lives livelihoods appearing in the Telangana Today dated 13.05.2025" dated 29/05/2025. The application was registered suo-motu on the basis of the news item titled Telangana: Deepening pollution crisis in Godawari …

Human survivors of disease outbreaks caused by Ebola or Marburg viruses exhibit cross-reactive and long-lived antibody responses

A detailed understanding of serological immune responses to Ebola and Marburg virus infections will facilitate the development of effective diagnostic methods, therapeutics and vaccines. We examined antibodies from Ebola or Marburg survivors 1-14 years after recovery from disease, by using a microarray that displayed recombinant nucleoprotein (NP), viral protein 40 …

Identification of Zika Virus and Dengue Virus dependency factors using functional genomics

The flaviviruses dengue virus (DENV) and Zika virus (ZIKV) are severe health threats with rapidly expanding ranges. To identify the host cell dependencies of DENV and ZIKV, we completed orthologous functional genomic screens using RNAi and CRISPR/ Cas9 approaches. The screens recovered the ZIKV entry factor AXL as well as …

Low protective efficacy of the current Japanese Encephalitis vaccine against the emerging genotype 5 Japanese Encephalitis virus

The human disease Japanese encephalitis (JE) can be prevented by vaccination, although it is not entirely clear if the emerging JEV G5 genotype can be controlled using the vaccine based on the G3 genotype. Consequently, we systematically compared G3 and G5 cross-neutralizing immune responses in vaccinated humans and, separately, cross-protective …

Detection of Autochthonous Zika Virus transmission in Sincelejo, Colombia

Zika virus (ZIKV) is an arthropodborne member of the genus Flavivirus of the Spondweni serocomplex and is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes (primarily Ae. aegypti in urban and periurban cycles). ZIKV emerged in Africa and has caused outbreaks of febrile disease that clinically resemble dengue fever and other arboviral diseases but …

WHO warns of Angola’s yellow fever urban risk

The World Health Organisation has once again warned that Angola is facing a yellow fever risk. The organisation said people with the greatest risk are those in urban areas. All travellers to Angola have been advised to make sure that they are vaccinated before visiting the country. WHO says this …

Malawi: Typhoid Fever Outbreak Hits Mchinji

Mchinji — Typhoid Fever has hit Mchinji district with confirmed cases of at least 18 people who tested positive to the disease. Mchinji District Hospital Public Relations Officer Frank Kaphaso Nyasulu told Malawi News Agency (Mana) Monday that all registered cases are from Traditional Authority (T.A.) Zulu's area. He said …

Nigeria: Katsina Confirms Death of Two Persons From Lassa Fever

The Katsina State Government said on Sunday that only two persons died following the outbreak of Lassa fever in the area. Kabir Mustapha, the Permanent Secretary in the state's Ministry of Health, made this known to journalists in Katsina. He said that the disease was imported from neighbouring Kaduna State …

Evidence of sexual transmission of Zika virus

Zika virus (ZIKV), an emerging flavivirus, generally causes mild infection in humans but is associated with severe neurologic complications and adverse fetal outcomes. ZIKV is transmitted to humans primarily by aedes mosquitoes. However, there is some evidence of sexual transmission. Two studies have shown the presence of infectious ZIKV in …

The 3.8 Å resolution cryo-EM structure of Zika virus

The recent rapid spread of Zika virus and its unexpected linkage to birth defects and an autoimmuneneurological syndrome has generated worldwide concern. Zika virus is a flavivirus like dengue, yellow fever and West Nile viruses. We present the 3.8Å resolution structure of mature Zika virus determined by cryo-electron microscopy. The …

From 14 To 4 Million Cases - The Insidious Spread Of Zika Virus

The World Health Organization has declared Zika virus a global health emergency of international concern. It's projected that the virus could infect up to 4 million people this year.

Zika virus in the Americas: Early epidemiological and genetic findings

Brazil has experienced an unprecedented epidemic of Zika virus (ZIKV), with ~30,000 cases reported to date. ZIKV was first detected in Brazil in May 2015 and cases of microcephaly potentially associated with ZIKV infection were identified in November 2015. Using next generation sequencing we generated seven Brazilian ZIKV genomes, sampled …

New virus deadlier than Ebola, Zika to emerge

Scientists have warned that humans should brace for the emergence of a new virus that could be deadlier than Ebola Virus Disease (EVD), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) or Zika. The scientists in a study published on March 14, 2016, edition of the journal, Proceedings of the National Academy of …

Nigeria: Three Dead, 10 Infected in Fresh Bauchi Lassa Fever Outbreak

Bauchi — No fewer than three persons have died from a fresh outbreak of Lassa Fever, while 10 members of a family are currently infected with the virus in Bauchi State. The Executive Chairman Bauchi State Primary Health Care Development Agency, Ibrahim Gamawa, who said this yesterday in Bauchi, added …

Yellow fever death toll rises to 125 in Angola

An ongoing yellow fever epidemic in Angola has killed 125 people out of 664 suspected cases since December 30, government statistics show, despite attempts to quell the outbreak. The centre of the health crisis remains the capital Luanda, where 92 people have died, the health ministry said on Friday. There …

Zika virus associated with microcephaly

A widespread epidemic of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection was reported in 2015 in South and Central America and the Caribbean. A major concern associated with this infection is the apparent increased incidence of microcephaly in fetuses born to mothers infected with ZIKV. In this report, we describe the case of …

Detection and sequencing of Zika virus from amniotic fluid of fetuses with microcephaly in Brazil: a case study

The incidence of microcephaly in Brazil in 2015 was 20 times higher than in previous years. Congenital microcephaly is associated with genetic factors and several causative agents. Epidemiological data suggest that microcephaly cases in Brazil might be associated with the introduction of Zika virus. We aimed to detect and sequence …

Clonally expanded CD4+ T cells can produce infectious HIV-1 in vivo

Reservoirs of infectious HIV-1 persist despite years of combination antiretroviral therapy and make curing HIV-1 infections a major challenge. Most of the proviral DNA resides in CD4+T cells. Some of these CD4+T cells are clonally expanded; most of the proviruses are defective. It is not known if any of the …

Optimizing viral discovery in Bats

Viral discovery studies in bats have increased dramatically over the past decade, yet a rigorous synthesis of the published data is lacking. We extract and analyze data from 93 studies published between 2007–2013 to examine factors that increase success of viral discovery in bats, and specific trends and patterns of …

Zika - Strategic response framework & joint operations plan

Since the Zika virus was first identified in a monkey in Uganda in 1947, it has rarely caused illness in humans. When people have become infected with the virus, the disease it causes has generally been mild, with small outbreaks occurring in a relatively narrow geographical band around the equator. …

Nigeria: Lassa fever kills 44 people with fears the outbreak is spreading

Dozens of people have died in Nigeria following a Lassa fever outbreak amid fears the death toll might increase. At least 44 people were declared dead across more than 10 states after being infected with the hemorrhagic fever. Authorities said the outbreak is under control and urged citizens to remain …

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