Sanitation

Counter affidavit on behalf of Chief Municipal Engineer, Patna Nagar Nigam on solid waste management and sanitation in Patna, 20/05/2025

Counter affidavit on behalf of Chief Municipal Engineer, Patna Nagar Nigam in the matter of Saurav Narayan Vs Bihar Pollution Control Board & Others dated May 20, 2025. The report said that the corporation has been diligently performing its statutory duties within the limitations of the available resources and infrastructure. …

Report by the government of Assam on plans for treatment of sewage/effluents in the state, 15/02/2021

Submission of report by the government of Assam in compliance with the National Green Tribunal order of September 21, 2020 in Original Application No. 593 of 2017 (Paryavaran Suraksha Samiti Vs Union of India & Others). The NGT had directed all the states/UTs to address gaps in generation and treatment …

Order of the National Green Tribunal regarding storm water drains in Gurgaon, Haryana, 10/02/2021

Order of the National Green Tribunal in the matter of Subhash Gupta & Others Vs Union of India & Others dated 10/02/2021. An application was filed in the NGT to enforce the order of July 23, 2018 for proper maintenance of storm water drains in Gurgaon. The report of GMDA …

Sustainable water and sanitation in Zambia: impact evaluation of the ‘Urban WASH’ project

The ‘Urban WASH' project was implemented in George and Chawama compounds in Lusaka between July 2013 and June 2017 by Oxfam and Village Water. The project aimed to improve provision and sustainable management of WASH services by engaging citizens to hold duty bearers and service providers to account. Oxfam collaborated …

Regional state of hygiene – West Africa

The study highlights why hygiene is a major foundation of quality health outcomes, together with water and basic sanitation. Good hygiene practices, like handwashing with soap and water, are among the most effective ways to prevent the spread of common diseases, protecting lives and livelihoods and saving billions of dollars …

Faecal sludge and septage management in urban areas: service and business models

NITI Aayog released a book on faecal sludge and septage management in urban areas. Jointly developed with National Faecal Sludge and Septage Management (NFSSM) Alliance, the book presents 27 case studies across 10 states and various service and business models adopted by Indian cities while implementing faecal sludge and septage …

Rural sanitation practices: a rapid assessment study for Odisha

The state of Odisha has made unprecedented strides in increasing access to individual toilets from 14% in 2011 to a purported 100% in 2019 under the Swachh Bharat Mission - Gramin. In light of the clarion call of a ‘Swachha Odisha, Sustha Odisha’, and the national imperatives set by the …

Global progress report on water, sanitation and hygiene in health care facilities

The report identifies major global gaps in WASH services: one third of health care facilities do not have what is needed to clean hands where care is provided; one in four facilities have no water services, and 10% have no sanitation services. This means that 1.8 billion people use facilities …

Snapshot of global and regional urban water, sanitation and hygiene inequalities

Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6 calls for universal access to water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services for all people wherever they are, including those living in urban areas. In the world’s rapidly expanding cities and towns, this is becoming a major challenge. The UNICEF report Snapshot of Global and Regional …

Sanitation, wastewater management and sustainability: from waste disposal to resource recovery

The second edition of Sanitation, Wastewater Management and Sustainability: From Waste Disposal to Resource Recovery aims to bring about change by showing how improved sanitation and wastewater management can benefit both humans and the environment. Wastewater and excreta are commonly seen as useless and potentially dangerous waste products. However, they …

Making urban sanitation more inclusive in Papua New Guinea

This publication discusses urban sanitation in Papua New Guinea and opportunities to make water and sanitation more inclusive, including the introduction of an operational fecal sludge management framework. In Papua new Guinea, sanitation conditions remain challenging, especially in Port Moresby’s informal settlements and peri-urban communities in selected provincial towns. The …

Measuring the impact of West Bengal drinking water sector improvement project: a baseline study

This paper analyzes the impact of a project intended to provide safe, sustainable, and inclusive drinking water to over 1.65 million people in West Bengal’s Bankura, North and South 24 Parganas, and Purba Medinipur districts. Access to safe drinking water is a fundamental right of people. The West Bengal Drinking …

Sanitation and wastewater atlas of Africa

The Sanitation and Wastewater Atlas of Africa is the flagship product of a four-year project implemented jointly by the United Nations Environment Programme, GRID-Arendal, and the African Development Bank to describe the current situation of wastewater management and sanitation across the African continent. The Atlas consists of chapters focusing on …

Understanding and responding to climate change impacts in inclusive WASH programs: a conceptual framework

There are many different ideas and practices from water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH), climate change adaptation (CCA) and gender and social inclusion (GSI) academic and civil society sectors that are relevant to supporting civil society organisations (CSOs) to understand and respond to climate change impacts. This learning paper presents a …

State of the World’s Sanitation: An urgent call to transform sanitation for better health, environments, economies and societies

This new report from WHO and UNICEF is an urgent call to transform sanitation for better health, environments, economies and societies. Citing evidence on what works from successful countries and global guidelines, WHO and UNICEF call for strong government leadership and investment in resilient sanitation services. The report charts an …

Connecting the unconnected: approaches for getting households to connect to sewerage networks

Millions of households fail to benefit from sanitation investments because not enough sewerage infrastructure connects directly to households, according to a World Bank report released on World Toilet Day under the auspices of the Bank’s Citywide Inclusive Sanitation (CWIS) initiative. The report, Connecting the Unconnected, examines why so many households …

Faecal sludge management in Africa: Socioeconomic aspects and human and environmental health implications

Jointly developed by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the International Water Management Institute (IWMI), the research paper Faecal sludge management in Africa: Socio-economic aspects, human and environmental health implications explores current trends of faecal sludge management and how poor management practices worsen human and environmental health across Africa. …

Technical brief on water, sanitation, hygiene and wastewater management to prevent infections and reduce the spread of antimicrobial resistance

Improvements in water sanitation and hygiene (WASH) and wastewater management in all sectors are critical elements of preventing infections and reducing the spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) as identified in the Global Action Plan to combat AMR. Yet, at present, WASH and wastewater management actors and improvement actions are under-represented …

Order of the National Green Tribunal regarding sewage pollution in NOIDA, Uttar Pradesh, 06/11/2020

Order of the National Green Tribunal in the matter of Abhisht Kusum Gupta Vs State of Uttar Pradesh & Others dated 06/11/2020. The issue for consideration is the remedial action for preventing untreated sewage going to the “irrigation canal” in Sector 137, NOIDA ((New Okhla Industrial Development Authority), Uttar Pradesh. …

Country-wide Shit-Flow Diagram: Establishing National Excreta Flows in South Africa

The Statistics South Africa general household survey in 2016 noted that despite the large improvements made since 1994, many households still lack access to safe, affordable and reliable sanitation services. The establishment of sanitation infrastructure and public services that are sustainable, protect the environment and nurture human health remains a …

Order of the National Green Tribunal regarding construction of drains, Chhatarpur Enclave, Delhi, 02/11/2020

Order of the National Green Tribunal in the matter of Mahesh Chandra Saxena Vs Govt. of NCT of Delhi & Others dated 02/11/2020. This application seeks injunction against construction of drains in place of sewer lines at Chhatarpur Enclave, New Delhi. It is stated that there are 1700 unauthorised colonies …

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