At present about 2.5% of agriculture GDP is contributed by rice, earning a foreign exchange of Rs 7000 crores. India also needs production enhancement for feeding soaring population growth. Rice production from irrigated area is almost stagnant. Rainfed area needs to be exploited. Rainfed uplands are one such area where productivity can be improved through rice agro environment characterization, managing soil acidity, propagation of high yielding aerobic rice and farming system.