The IMF’s April 2025 Regional Economic Outlook for Sub-Saharan Africa presents a clear warning: regional growth is slowing, debt pressures are mounting, and donor assistance is declining. Yet the report outlines critical opportunities particularly in domestic revenue mobilization, structural reform, and private sector activation that can shape a more resilient …
In total almost one kilogram of hazardous pesticides is applied per hectare under cotton, and cotton is responsible for 16% of global insecticide usage
This report provides the most comprehensive and up-to-date scientific assessment of the impacts of climate change, the vulnerability of natural and human environments, and the potential for response through adaptation. It evaluates evidence that recent observed changes in climate have already affected a variety of physical and biological systems and …
This study presents information on fire in greater depth than was possible in FRA 2005, including its incidence, impact and management in different regions of the world. It recognizes that not all fires ware destructive and that fire management is an essential part of sustainable forest management. Indeed, some ecosystems …
This manual starts out with a clear exposé of the contextual issues surrounding the water and sanitation crisis in many countries of the world, encompassing legal foundations, entitlements, responsibilities and questions of accountability. It addresses how legal obligations flowing from the right to water and sanitation may be realised, giving …
This study on bamboo was developed by FAO and INBAR jointly in the framework of FAO’s Global Forest Resources Assessment 2005 (FRA 2005), with the aim of filling the gap in global information and providing a first, comprehensive assessment of the world’s bamboo resources.
This report summarizes the state-of-the-art of science on the subject of “Climate Change as a Security Risk”. It is based on the findings of research into environmental conflicts, the causes of war, and of climate impact research. It appraises past experience but also ventures to cast a glance far into …
This manual starts out with a clear expose of the contextual issues surrounding the water and sanitation crisis in many countries of the world, encompassing legal foundations, entitlements, responsibilities and questions of accountability. It addresses how legal obligations flowing from the right to water and sanitation may be realised, giving …
The main aim of this study was to facilitate access to comprehensive and comparable information on the current and past extent of mangroves in the 124 countries and areas where mangroves are known to exist, highlighting information gaps and providing updated information that may serve as a tool for mangrove …
This flagship report, summarizes the state-of-the-art of science on the subject of 'Climate Change as a Security Risk'. It is based on the findings of research into environmental conflicts, the causes of war, and of climate impact research. It appraises past experience but also ventures to cast a glance far …
The purpose of this study is to examine the national security consequences of climate change. The specific questions addressed in this report are: What conditions are climate changes likely to produce around the world that would represent security risks to the United States?; What are the ways in which these …
The report looks at the circumstances in which the GATT was born and goes on to explain why governments believe it is in their interests to cooperate on trade matters. This is followed by a discussion of how the GATT/WTO as an institution can foster greater international cooperation. Finally, the …
Climate change adaptation requires the use of good agricultural, forestry and fisheries practices to meet changing and more difficult environmental conditions. To make sure appropriate nformation is shared and put into practice, FAO works to build capacities at the national, local and community levels to raise awareness and prepare for …
This booklet is a quick source for national and trade statistics of WTO members and countries which are in the process of negotiating WTO membership. These trade profiles combine information on trade flows and trade policy measures of Members, Observers and other selected economies. The information is retrieved from various …
Access to food involves entitlements for producing or acquiring food, which are discussed in this paper under three main headings: access to productive natural resources including land, water, agroforestry, biodiversity, seeds and other genetic resources, and environmental services; access to diverse types of knowledge, including traditional and indigenous knowledge, current …
In the African meningitis belt, epidemics of meningococcal disease occur periodically, although unpredictably, every few years. These epidemics continue to cause havoc but new efforts to control the disease, through the use of conjugate vaccines, are being made. Original Source
This paper is based on a review of the effectiveness of solar home systems (SHS) in Africa in meeting users expectations on a service based analytical approach. Various projects have deployed SHS on the promise that they are cost-effective, can meet end-user demands, have ability to alleviate poverty, can save …
This paper describes what climate change is, including how it is affecting the world live in and the timeframe within which these changes are expected to happen. It then considers why climate change needs to be a priority in development planning, including the inequitable burden it places on the poor …
The impact of climate change on the world of today and the future is undeniable. Stipulated emission reduction targets for developed countries are still too modest under the Kyoto Protocol and the US, the world's largest polluter remains outside the agreement. The scientific community warns that a global coordinated response …
This report summarizes the key drivers of deforestation and forest degradation, and the key policy options available to reduce the resulting carbon emissions. It reviews current deforestation rates and the associated issues related to monitoring forest-based carbon emissions and establishing baselines. The findings of research into the direct and underlying …
