Ecosystems

State of the world’s migratory species

More than a fifth of the world's migrating species are at risk of going extinct as a result of climate change and human encroachment, according to this report by the United Nations. Migratory species globally are facing critical challenges, with nearly half in decline and over 20 per cent threatened …

In a Warmer Yellowstone Park, a Shifting Environmental Balance

The grassy sweep of the Lamar Valley in the northeastern corner of this park is famous for its wildlife, especially its vast herds of elk and bison and the wolves that hunt them. Grizzly Bears Poised to Make a Comeback, (May 30, 2000) But while walking across the Lamar last …

Rewards for eco-clubs planned

The state government will give cash rewards to encourage the eco-clubs to take up various environment-related activities. This was stated by principal secretary, science and technology, Harinder Hira, while inaugurating a three-day workshop for master trainers under the national green corps programme, which commenced here today. She said the top …

CYG discusses eco-friendly initiatives with UNDP official

Devyani Rana, programme officer at the Energy and Environment unit of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) - the United Nations Global Development Network - was in the city on Sunday for a meeting with the Commonwealth Youth Games (CYG) Committee to discuss the Environment and Green Games Initiative of …

To the rich man the spoils

Global economic growth during the past century has lifted many into lives of unprecedented luxury.The cost has been the degradation of vital ecosystems

BELLING THE BIG CAT (Editorial)

The survival of the tiger has become a burning issue, one of serious concern because of the rapidly declining numbers, despite the special task force initiated by the prime minister. Alas, the force is headed by a non-tiger-expert. The annihilation of this majestic species is symbolic of the disappearance of …

Nal Sarovar gets ESZ status

A 10-km stretch around the Nal Sarovar bird sanctuary has been declared as an Eco-Sensitive Zone (ESZ) as per the Supreme Court guidelines for conserving wildlife. Nal Sarovar sanctuary is spread over 120 sq km and thus a total of 197 sq km on its periphery will be declared as …

Impacts of climate change: Global to local

The UN climate advisory body Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has warned that global environmental change will entail increasing climate variability and increased occurrence of extreme weather events. Since 1750s onwards overall accelerated human-societal development led to activities like burning of fossil fuel, land use change and extensive agricultural …

A global map of human impact on marine ecosystems

The management and conservation of the world's oceans require synthesis of spatial data on the distribution and intensity of human activities and the overlap of their impacts on marine ecosystems.

Loss of plant species after chronic low-level nitrogen deposition to prairie grasslands

Rates of atmospheric deposition of biologically active nitrogen (N)are two to seven times the pre-industrial rates in many developed nations because of combustion of fossil fuels and agricultural fertilization. They are expected to increase similarly over the next 50 years in industrializing nations of Asia and South America. Although the …

Understanding the organization of industrial ecosystems

Industrial symbiosis (IS) has been used to describe the physical exchange and shared management of input and output materials by geographically proximate firms. Firms that engage in IS are said to belong to an industrial ecosystem. Symbiosis has been found to be motivated by economic considerations, such as lowering costs …

Adaptations of forests to climate change: a multidisciplinary review

Forests around the world are widely expected to face significant pressures from climate change over the coming century. Although the magnitudes of the projected temperature rises and precipitation changes are still uncertain, modelling based on mean figures shows that ecological, economic and social disruptions are likely. Ecological effects range from …

Coastal ecosystem-based management with nonlinear ecological functions and values

A common assumption is that ecosystem services respond linearly to changes in habitat size. This assumption leads frequently to an "all or none" choice of either preserving coastal habitats or converting them to human use. However, the researchers survey of wave attenuation data from field studies of mangroves, salt marshes, …

Aging infrastructure and ecosystem restoration

As a result of recent infrastructure failures the U.S. Senate passed the National Infrastructure Improvement Act (NIIA), which would create the National Commission on the Infrastructure and its ability to meet current and future demands. Such policy development coincides with ongoing efforts to manage and restore degraded ecosystems.

Carbon and biodiversity: A demonstration atlas

This atlas by UNEP's World Conservation Monitoring Centre released at the Poznan climate meeting, demonstrates the potential for spatial analyses to identify areas that are high in both carbon and biodiversity. Such areas will be of interest to countries that wish to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from land use change …

Plants for life: medicinal plant conservation and botanic gardens

Medicinal plants harvested from the wild remain of immense importance for the well-being of millions of people around the world. Providing both a relief from illness and a source of income, over 70,000 plant species are thought to be medicinal. Loss of habitat combined with over-harvesting threatens the survival of …

Evaluation of climate change scenarios based on aquatic food web modelling

In the years 2004 and 2005 the researchers collected samples of phytoplankton, zooplankton and macroinvertebrates in an artificial small pond in Budapest. They set up a simulation model predicting the abundance of the cyclopoids, Eudiaptomus zachariasi and Ischnura pumilio by considering only temperature as it affects the abundance of population …

Environment matters at the World Bank: climate change and adaptation

This edition of Environment Matters arrives just as the international community embarks on a two-year process to secure a new global framework to limit the amounts of greenhouse gases (GHGs) entering the atmosphere and devise ways to help developing countries adapt to and prepare themselves for the effects of climate …

Corporate ecosystem services review: guidelines for identifying business risks and opportunities arising from ecosystem change

This publication provides corporate managers with a proactive approach to making the connection between ecosystem change and their business goals. It introduces the Corporate Ecosystem Services Review

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