This overview sets the scene for the various modules in the Renewables 2024 Global Status Report Collection. It provides high-level trends on the status of renewables in the wider fossil fuel-dominated energy system in the context of global challenges such as climate change, development goals and the geopolitical landscape. Urgent …
This report evaluates emission mitigation options to achieve net-zero carbon emissions through marginal abatement cost (MAC) curves for the existing plants in the fertiliser industry. MAC curves were developed for three major fertilisers produced in India, which account for 85 per cent of total fertiliser production—urea, di-ammonium phosphate (DAP), and …
This report evaluates emission mitigation options to achieve net-zero carbon emissions through marginal abatement cost (MAC) curves for the existing plants in the aluminium industry. In terms of overall metal consumption, aluminium ranks second, next only to steel. However, India’s per capita aluminium consumption is low, at 2.5 kilograms (kg), …
This report from IRENA's Collaborative Framework on Green Hydrogen assesses progress in green hydrogen deployment. The report gauges the success achieved to date in translating green hydrogen strategies and plans into actions – particularly in the context of green hydrogen supply and demand structures. Green hydrogen and its derivatives are …
This policy brief reviews experiences internationally and in India related to steel standards for the net zero transition, building from the IEA’s previous work in this area on definitions and emissions measurement methodologies. Areas of emerging common ground and principles for net zero-compatible standards are highlighted. The brief concludes with …
In the face of the global imperative to limit the rise in temperatures to 1.5 °C (above pre-industrial level), as outlined in the Paris Agreement, nations have been striving to transition towards a net-zero economy. This challenge is particularly pronounced for India, where the dual goals of fulfilling developmental aspirations …
In the context of India’s 2023 G20 Presidency, this report provides an overview of the experience of carbon pricing across the world. It focuses on the benefits of these instruments, the challenges that impede wider adoption, and the plausible solutions that can lead to the faster uptake of these tools …
This publication provides an analysis of how climate change boosted temperatures worldwide between December 2023 and February 2024. Primarily by burning coal, oil, and natural gas, humans have raised the temperature of the planet. Scientists report that the average temperature in 2023 was 1.5 degrees Celsius warmer than early-industrial levels …
CO2 Emissions in 2023 provides a complete picture of energy-related emissions in 2023. The report finds that clean energy growth has limited the rise in global emissions, with 2023 registering an increase of 1.1%. Weather effects and continued Covid-19 reopening played a significant role in driving emissions in 2023. Advanced …
In this working paper, the authors present an overview of China’s greenhouse gas emissions and its land-based carbon stocks and flows, with a spotlight on potential for land-based mitigation technologies and practices (LMTs) for carbon dioxide removal, based on the published literature. They also provide an analysis of LMT-related policies …
The transition to a sustainable future in the Asia-Pacific region has global economic significance. Despite driving global growth in recent years, the region's heavy coal reliance led to significant greenhouse gas emissions. Meeting climate mitigation and adaptation needs in emerging and developing Asia requires investment of at least $1.1 trillion …
Renewables are growing rapidly and nuclear power is on track to reach new all-time high next year, enabling low-emissions generation to outpace robust electricity demand growth. Global electricity demand is expected to grow at a faster rate over the next three years as the clean energy transition gathers speed, with …
This paper examines the new technologies urgently needed to deliver additional, permanent and quantifiable impacts to slash emissions. Despite needing to halve emissions by 2030 to stand a chance of limiting warming to 1.5C, they continue to rise. Decarbonizing industries is essential, but net zero is not enough, and natural …
Recently, considerable research has been undertaken in India in policy circles to identify the pathway for achieving Net Zero Emission by the 2070s. However, as most of the studies focus on the overall national perspective, they do not take into account inter-State differences with respect to availability of the primary …
Unless developing Asia decarbonizes its development, global warming is unlikely to stay below the internationally agreed limit of 2°C above preindustrial levels. Integrated assessment modeling offers insights into how a low carbon transition can be achieved. The Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change incorporated an ambitious …
Rapid deployment of low-emission fuels during this decade will be crucial to accelerate the decarbonisation of the transport sector. Significant electrification opportunities are available for the road transport sector, while the aviation and marine sectors continue to be more reliant on fuel-based solutions for their decarbonisation. Fuels obtained from electrolytic …
This issue brief aims to highlight consumption-driven emissions inequities among income classes, both within and across nations. It examines a diverse range of developed and developing economies, accounting for approximately 81 per cent of global emissions, 86 per cent of the world's GDP, and 66 per cent of the global …
The second edition of the Net-Zero Industry Tracker report provides a detailed analysis of the progress heavy industrial and transport sectors are making worldwide, in their efforts to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050. These sectors, which account for more than 40% of global greenhouse gas emissions, need multifaceted solutions that …
This study shows that a combination of additional strategies in the “All Out” scenario could further reduce emissions in line with a well-below 2°C pathway with the same parameters. This is similar to what a previous ICCT study, Graver et al., (2022, found is achievable for the aviation sector, but …
The Earth is on track to reach 3°C of warming by the end of the century under current policies – twice the amount of the Paris Agreement’s most ambitious target – this new report from UNEP reveals. As greenhouse gas emissions hit new highs, temperature records tumble and climate impacts …
Greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere hit new record highs in 2022, with no end in sight to the rising trend, according to this new report by the World Meteorological Organisation (WMO). This Bulletin represents the latest analysis of observations from the WMO GAW Programme. It shows globally averaged surface …
