Fossil Fuels

Order of the National Green Tribunal regarding illegal mining in village Leta, district Mahoba, Uttar Pradesh, 23/05/2025

Order of the National Green Tribunal in the matter of Akhilesh Kumar Vs State of Uttar Pradesh & Others dated 23/05/2025. The matter related to illegal mining activites carried out by Jai Maa Chandrika Enterprises, Rajendra Nagar, village Kabari, district Mahoba, Uttar Pradesh. The applicant also alleged about illegal sale …

Global Electricity Review 2025

In a world of higher electricity demand growth, clean electricity is stepping up to the challenge. Spearheaded by exponential solar expansion, clean power is set to grow faster than demand, marking the start of a permanent decline in fossil generation. 2024 both clarified and consolidated the shape of the global …

Blackouts and backsliding: energy subsidies in South Africa 2023

Blackouts and Backsliding presents the latest energy subsidy data for South Africa. South Africa's fossil fuel subsidies tripled between FY 2018 and FY 2023, from ZAR 39 billion (USD 2.9 billion) in FY 2018 to ZAR 118 billion (USD 7.5 billion) in FY 2023. The largest share of fossil fuel …

Renewables 2024 global status report: global overview

This overview sets the scene for the various modules in the Renewables 2024 Global Status Report Collection. It provides high-level trends on the status of renewables in the wider fossil fuel-dominated energy system in the context of global challenges such as climate change, development goals and the geopolitical landscape. Urgent …

Nigeria’s fossil fuel subsidy reforms: the welfare effects on households

Understanding the distributional consequences of progressive fossil fuel subsidy reform is critical to the sustainability of reform efforts as well as progress towards more just and inclusive energy transitions. This study examines the welfare effects of fossil fuel subsidy reforms on Nigerian households, focusing on the socio-economic implications of petrol …

Navigating the fiscal implications of a just transition

As India’s clean energy transition gathers pace, declining revenue from fossil fuels could disproportionately affect its coal-producing states. At the same time, state governments that depend on fossil fuel revenue will face increased budgetary pressures to ensure an equitable and just transition. This briefing note assesses the potential fiscal implications …

Accelerating just transitions for the coal sector: strategies for rapid, secure and people-centred change

Coal is the most carbon-intensive major fossil fuel in use today and is deeply entrenched in the power system, but drastic reductions in its consumption are required to achieve net-zero emissions. Accelerating Coal Transitions provides an update on the IEA’s 2022 report Coal in Net Zero Transitions at the request …

Towards sustainable fuel subsidy reform in Nigeria

This report provides an evidence-based analysis of the controversies around Nigeria's fuel subsidy removal, including the rationale for subsidy removal, the distributional impact, and the determinants of the sustainability of the subsidy removal. The purpose of this report is to explore how savings from fuel subsidy removal can be used …

Mapping India's energy policy 2023: a decade in action

Mapping India's Energy Policy 2023 is the latest publication in a series of annual updates on government support for energy in India. This year's publication highlights the key shifts in India's energy policy over the last decade, between fiscal year (FY) 2014 and FY 2023. Found that India's fossil fuel …

Report by the Commission for Air Quality Management in the National Capital Region and adjoining areas, 20/02/2024

Report by the Commission for Air Quality Management in the National Capital Region and adjoining areas in compliance with the National Green Tribunal order, January 3, 2024. The Tribunal had called upon the Commission to file a report on steps to address and tackle the various contributory causes of air …

Renewable energy and sustainability report

The REN21 Renewables and Sustainability Report (RESR) builds on a yearlong research and consultative process among a wide range of stakeholders across sectors. It was conceived as a reference document bringing together different perspectives to analyse the benefits and identify the best practices to mitigate the potential negative impacts of …

Energy security and the green transition

The current energy crisis has raised important policy questions on how to strengthen short-term energy security while remaining firmly committed to the green transition, a challenge amplified by the recent consensus at COP28 to transition away from fossil fuels. This paper examines the historical determinants of the security of energy …

Just energy transition: economic implications for Jharkhand

This report provides the following broad recommendations on how the adverse effects of an energy transition in the state of Jharkhand could be minimized which include: State-owned mining and power generation companies leveraging their large balance sheets and in-house expertise to diversify into other related businesses, that are likely to …

Fossil fuel subsidies and GHG emissions: firm-level empirical evidence from developing Asia

Given the commitment of G7 and G20 countries to the gradual elimination of fossil fuel subsidies and their advocacy for other nations to follow suit, this study examines the effects of such subsidies on firms’ GHG emissions. Utilizing a dataset comprising 3,359 firms across seven countries in developing Asia, namely, …

No change to warming as fossil fuel endgame brings focus onto false solutions

Despite government promises, warming projections have not improved since Glasgow two years ago, amid worsening climate impacts. In a year where every continent experienced record-breaking heat, wildfires, tropical cyclones or some other extreme events, there has been no discernable shift in action. Governments’ 2030 targets will lead to 2.5°C of …

Fossil fuel atlas: illustrating the threats of fossil fuel production – a rapid threat identification methodology and platform

Fossil fuels account for over three-fourths of greenhouse gas emissions, fuelling a climate crisis that is projected to devastate ecosystems and communities across the globe. The Fossil Fuel Atlas is a GIS-based open-access tool that shows the overlap between fossil fuel planned and existing fossil fuel production. This report gives …

The evolution of energy efficiency policy to support clean energy transitions

Governments, businesses and citizens around the globe are facing the challenge of climate change and how to accelerate the global clean energy transition to reach net zero emissions by 2050 at the latest. Governments and citizens need to act now, with increased ambition, to adopt policies and programmes aimed at …

North Africa: policies and finance for renewable energy

The brief by IRENA, highlights North Africa’s large renewable energy potential and explores its current policy environment to support the energy transition and the deployment of renewable energy in the coming years. The GCC countries are some of the world’s most significant fossil fuel producers and exporters, and are among …

Putting promises into practice: clean energy transition partnership signatories' progress on implementing clean energy commitments

Signatories to the Clean Energy Transition Partnership (CETP) committed to shifting international public finance away from fossil fuels and into clean energy. While progress has been made in restricting fossil fuel finance, it is not clear that similar progress has been made in prioritizing support for clean energy. This report …

Production gap report 2023

Countries are planning to produce around 110 per cent more fossil fuels in 2030 than would be consistent with limiting warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius, according to this new report by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). The 2023 Production Gap Report: “Phasing down or phasing up? Top fossil fuel …

Latin America energy outlook 2023

Latin America and the Caribbean is a region that stands out in the global energy sector. It boasts extraordinary natural resources – both fossil fuels and renewable energy – and a significant share of the world’s critical minerals. It also has a history of ambitious policy making in pursuit of …

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