Breast Feeding

Order of the High Court of Kerala regarding care of elephants by Guruvayoor Devaswom, 17/02/2025

Order of the High Court of Kerala in the matter of Sangita Iyer Vs Guruvayur Devasom & Others dated 17/02/2025. The Kerala High Court directed the Deputy Administrator (Livestock) of Guruvayoor Devaswom to file a detailed affidavit explaining the procedures being followed in Guruvayur Devaswom for booking and transporting elephants …

Case studies for the nutritional management of non-breastfed infants in emergencies

In 2021, UNICEF updated its guidance on the Procurement and Use of Breastmilk Substitutes (BMS) in Humanitarian Settings, which clarifies that where BMS procurement is warranted in humanitarian settings, UNICEF can procure such supplies as part of an overall response that supports optimal infant and young child feeding (IYCF). The …

Who benefits from undermining breastfeeding? Exploring the global commercial milk formula industry’s generation and distribution of wealth and income

The global commercial milk formula (CMF) industry is known to systematically undermine breastfeeding around the world, thereby reinforcing a preventable public health and human rights crisis. The aggressive marketing of CMF products by the industry, for instance, is recognised as one of the key reasons behind the poor global progress …

Scope and impact of digital marketing strategies for promoting breast-milk substitutes

Formula milk companies are paying social media platforms and influencers to gain direct access to pregnant women and mothers at some of the most vulnerable moments in their lives. The global formula milk industry, valued at some US$ 55 billion, is targeting new mothers with personalized social media content that …

Scope and impact of digital marketing strategies for promoting breast-milk substitutes

Formula milk companies are paying social media platforms and influencers to gain direct access to pregnant women and mothers at some of the most vulnerable moments in their lives. The global formula milk industry, valued at some US$ 55 billion, is targeting new mothers with personalized social media content that …

How the marketing of formula milk influences our decisions on infant feeding

This report summarizes the findings of a multicountry study examining the impact of breast milk marketing on infant feeding decisions and practices, which was commissioned by WHO and UNICEF. The research study – the largest of its kind to date – draws on the experiences of over 8500 women and …

Review of national maternity and paternity policies and support for breastfeeding in the workplace in Latin America and the Caribbean

Maternity, paternity and parental leave, as well as policies to support breastfeeding in the workplace, are a fundamental part of comprehensive social protection systems and early childhood development strategies. The positive effects of these policies in terms of children’s health, socio-emotional and cognitive outcomes are well established in the literature. …

Marketing of breast milk substitutes: national implementation of the international code, status report 2020

This report provides updated information on the status of implementing the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes and subsequent relevant World Health Assembly (WHA) resolutions (“the Code”) in countries. It presents the legal status of the Code, including to what extent its provisions have been incorporated in national legal …

Impact of maternal reproductive factors on cancer risks of offspring: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies

A number of studies have reported on associations between reproductive factors, such as delivery methods, number of birth and breastfeeding, and incidence of cancer in children, but systematic reviews addressing this issue to date have important limitations, and no reviews have addressed the impact of reproductive factors on cancer over …

Environmental chemicals in breast milk and formula: Exposure and risk assessment implications

Human health risk assessment methods have advanced in recent years to more accurately estimate risks associated with exposure during childhood. However, predicting risks related to infant exposures to environmental chemicals in breast milk and formula remains challenging. Original Source

Environmental chemicals in breast milk and formula: Exposure and risk assessment implications

Human health risk assessment methods have advanced in recent years to more accurately estimate risks associated with exposure during childhood. However, predicting risks related to infant exposures to environmental chemicals in breast milk and formula remains challenging. Original Source

Nurturing the health and wealth of nations: the investment case for breastfeeding

A new analysis, Nurturing the Health and Wealth of Nations: The Investment Case for Breastfeeding, demonstrating that an annual investment of only $4.70 per newborn is required to increase the global rate of exclusive breastfeeding among children under six months to 50 per cent by 2025. The analysis suggests that …

Complementary feeding at 4 versus 6 months of age for preterm infants born at less than 34 weeks of gestation: a randomised, open-label, multicentre trial

Evidence on the optimal time to initiation of complementary feeding in preterm infants is scarce. The researchers examined the effect of initiation of complementary feeding at 4 months versus 6 months of corrected age on weight for age at 12 months corrected age in preterm infants less than 34 weeks …

An investment framework for nutrition: reaching the global targets for stunting, anemia, breastfeeding, and wasting

The report estimates the costs, impacts and financing scenarios to achieve the World Health Assembly global nutrition targets for stunting, anemia in women, exclusive breastfeeding and the scaling up of the treatment of severe wasting among young children. To reach these four targets, the world needs $70 billion over 10 …

Twenty-year follow-up of Kangaroo Mother Care versus traditional care

Kangaroo mother care (KMC) is a multifaceted intervention for preterm and low birth weight infants and their parents. Short- and mid-term benefits of KMC on survival, neurodevelopment, breastfeeding, and the quality of mother–infant bonding were documented in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted in Colombia from 1993 to 1996. The …

Mother's milk and the environment - Might chemical exposures impair lactation?

Most studies on breastfeeding over the past few decades have focused on the advantages of breastfeeding and how to get more women to breastfeed their babies. Relatively few women worldwide meet the World Health Organization’s recommendation that infants breastfeed exclusively for the first 6 months of life, with continued breastfeeding …

From the first hour of life: making the case for improved infant and young child feeding everywhere

A new report from UNICEF, From the First Hour of Life: Making the case for improved infant and young child feeding everywhere, provides a global status update on infant and young child feeding practices and puts forth recommendations for improving them. The report is divided into two parts: Part I …

Infant and Young Child Feeding Guidelines, 2016

Shaping up the post-2015 development agenda is of crucial importance in the development process around the Globe as 2015 was the last year of milllionium development goals. It is the right time to asses our own progress vis-a-vis the Millennium Development Goals and these Guidelines are an attempt in that …

Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in human milk and serum from the US EPA MAMA Study: Modeled predictions of infant exposure and considerations for risk assessment

Serum concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in U.S. women are believed to be among the world’s highest, however, little information exists on the partitioning of PBDEs between serum and breast milk and how this may impact infant exposure. Paired milk and serum samples were measured for PBDE concentrations in …

Exclusive breastfeeding and cognition, executive function, and behavioural disorders in primary school-aged children in rural South Africa: A cohort analysis

Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is associated with early child health; its longer-term benefits for child development remain inconclusive. Researchers examine the associations between EBF, HIV exposure, and other maternal/child factors and the cognitive and emotional-behavioural development of children aged 7–11 years. Original Source

Randomized trial of introduction of allergenic foods in breast-fed infants

The age at which allergenic foods should be introduced into the diet of breast-fed infants is uncertain. Researchers evaluated whether the early introduction of allergenic foods in the diet of breast-fed infants would protect against the development of food allergy.

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