Viral Diseases

Order of the National Green Tribunal regarding pollution of Godavari river, Telangana, 29/05/2025

Order of the National Green Tribunal in the matter of News Item titled "Telangana: Deepening pollution crisis in Godawari threatens lives livelihoods appearing in the Telangana Today dated 13.05.2025" dated 29/05/2025. The application was registered suo-motu on the basis of the news item titled Telangana: Deepening pollution crisis in Godawari …

Elucidating variations in the nucleotide sequence of Ebola virus associated with increasing pathogenicity

Ebolaviruses cause a severe and often fatal haemorrhagic fever in humans, with some species such as Ebola virus having case fatality rates approaching 90%. Currently, the worst Ebola virus outbreak since the disease was discovered is occurring in West Africa. Although thought to be a zoonotic infection, a concern is …

A dead-end host: is there a way out? A position piece on the Ebola virus outbreak by the International Union of Immunology Societies

The fact that not everyone with Ebola virus disease (EVD) has died during the ongoing outbreak in West Africa, with an estimated case fatality rate of 70.8% by September 2014, suggests that some kind of immunity to this virus is possible. If left unchecked, this scenario will undoubtedly shift to …

Potential for large outbreaks of Ebola virus disease

Outbreaks of Ebola virus can cause substantial morbidity and mortality in affected regions. The largest outbreak of Ebola to date is currently underway in West Africa, with 3944 cases reported as of 5th September 2014. To develop a better understanding of Ebola transmission dynamics, we revisited data from the first …

Dengue under check, other ailments rise

While the city witnessed a record 37 degrees Celsius on Monday, the humidity levels were 87% in Colaba and 70% in Santa Cruz. According to weathermen, temperatures are known to rise post-September 15 when rain reduces. Colaba recorded 291mm and Santa Cruz 285mm rain in September. “The transition from monsoon …

Ebola virus disease in West Africa — The first 9 months of the epidemic and forward projections

As of September 14, 2014, a total of 4507 confirmed and probable cases of Ebola virus disease (EVD), as well as 2296 deaths from the virus, had been reported from five countries in West Africa — Guinea, Liberia, Nigeria, Senegal, and Sierra Leone. In terms of reported morbidity and mortality, …

Epidemiological dynamics of Ebola outbreaks

Ebola is a deadly virus that causes frequent disease outbreaks in the human population. Here, we analyse its rate of new introductions, case fatality ratio, and potential to spread from person to person. The analysis is performed for all completed outbreaks, and for a scenario where these are augmented by …

Ebola then and now

n October 1976, the government of Zaire (now the Democratic Republic of Congo [DRC]) asked what was then the U.S. Center for Disease Control, where we worked, to join an international group of scientists in elucidating and controlling an outbreak of an unusually lethal hemorrhagic fever. Just before we arrived …

Lessons from a public health emergency — Importation of Wild Poliovirus to Israel

Last year, Israel's polio-free status was seriously challenged. On May 28, 2013, a sample obtained during routine supplementary environmental surveillance at a sewage-treatment plant in the South district tested positive for wild poliovirus type 1. Additional analyses retrospectively confirmed that the virus had already been present in February 2013 in …

Metagenomic analysis of double-stranded DNA viruses in healthy adults

The Human Microbiome Project (HMP) was undertaken with the goal of defining microbial communities in and on the bodies of healthy individuals using high-throughput, metagenomic sequencing analysis. The viruses present in these microbial communities, the `human virome?, are an important aspect of the human microbiome that is particularly understudied in …

As containment efforts continue, scientists remain stumped on source of Ebola outbreak

NEW YORK – A scary problem lurks beyond the frenzied efforts to keep people from spreading Ebola: No one knows exactly where the virus comes from or how to stop it from seeding new outbreaks. Ebola has caused two dozen outbreaks in Africa since it first emerged in 1976. It …

Nigeria now has 12 Ebola cases, five recovered

Nigeria has 12 confirmed cases of the Ebola virus, up from 10 at last week's count, of which five have almost fully recovered, the Health Ministry said on Monday. It said in a statement that 189 people in Lagos and six others in the southeastern city of Enugu were under …

Ebola — Underscoring the global disparities in health care resources

An outbreak of Ebola virus disease (EVD) has jolted West Africa, claiming more than 1000 lives since the virus emerged in Guinea in early 2014. The rapidly increasing numbers of cases in the African countries of Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone have had public health authorities on high alert throughout …

Ebola virus VP24 targets a unique NLS binding site on Karyopherin Alpha 5 to selectively compete with nuclear import of phosphorylated STAT1

During antiviral defense, interferon (IFN) signaling triggers nuclear transport of tyrosine-phosphorylated STAT1 (PY-STAT1), which occurs via a subset of karyopherin alpha (KPNA) nuclear transporters. Many viruses, including Ebola virus, actively antagonize STAT1 signaling to counteract the antiviral effects of IFN. Ebola virus VP24 protein (eVP24) binds KPNA to inhibit PY-STAT1 …

Two more cases of chikungunya confirmed in Jamaica

KINGSTON, Jamaica – The Ministry of Health has reported two more cases of the chikungunya disease in Jamaica. This has brought to four the number of cases that health officials are now addressing. The latest cases were from local transmission as the infected persons had no history of travel outside …

Map of Ebola outbreak in Africa 2014

The World Health Organization on Friday declared the Ebola outbreak in West Africa to be an international public health emergency that requires an extraordinary response to stop its spread. It is the largest and longest outbreak ever recorded of Ebola, which has a death rate of about 50 percent and …

WHO to convene ethical review of experimental treatment for Ebola

Early next week, WHO will convene a panel of medical ethicists to explore the use of experimental treatment in the ongoing Ebola outbreak in West Africa. Currently there is no registered medicine or vaccine against the virus, but there are several experimental options under development. The recent treatment of two …

Viral fever outbreak in Nawalparasi

Nawalparasi, Aug. 5: The outbreak of viral fever has increased in Nawalparasi district. Hundreds of patients suffering from viral fever visit the different health institutions in the district every day, according to the District Health Office, Nawalparasi. Prithvi Chandra Hospital has also witnessed increased number of such patients at the …

Viral fever grips Kota village

Locals of Kota village in the district are badly affected due to viral fever spread. Four to five persons at each household are affected by the fever these days. However, health workers at a local sub-health post are absent for a long time that has adversely affected the locals, said …

Global distribution and prevalence of Hepatitis C virus genotypes

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) exhibits high genetic diversity, characterized by regional variations in genotype prevalence. This poses a challenge to the improved development of vaccines and pan-genotypic treatments, which require the consideration of global trends in HCV genotype prevalence. Here we provide the first comprehensive survey of these trends. Original …

Evaluation of transmission risks associated with in vivo replication of several high containment pathogens in a biosafety level 4 laboratory

Containment level 4 (CL4) laboratories studying biosafety level 4 viruses are under strict regulations to conduct nonhuman primate (NHP) studies in compliance of both animal welfare and biosafety requirements. NHPs housed in open-barred cages raise concerns about cross-contamination between animals, and accidental exposure of personnel to infectious materials.

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