Nearly 65% of adults in the Arab region remain excluded from formal financial systems, according to a new report by the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA). The Annual SDG Review 2025 paints a sobering picture of persistent financial exclusion that is undermining the region’s ability …
This report takes stock of countries’ latest NDCs and examines how these commitments have evolved since the Paris Agreement entered into force, identifying overall trends and pinpointing the elements where further action is needed. It finds that countries are making incremental progress on strengthening their NDCs, but what really need …
Climate finance committed by major multilateral development banks (MDBs) rose by more than 24% last year compared to 2020, according to this 2021 Joint Report on Multilateral Development Banks’ Climate Finance. The 2021 total financing by MDBs already surpassed the 2025 climate finance goals set at the 2019 United Nations …
The Government of Goa on 13th October 2022, has notified the Goa Industrial Growth and Investment Promotion Policy, 2022, in order to create an environment of Trust and Collaboration between the State and Industry by bringing in transparency and predictability to achieve the shared goals of prosperity and sustainable development …
Only 7% of appeals for urgent hunger-related funding through the UN humanitarian system are filled, leaving a hunger funding gap of 93%, according to “The Hunger Funding Gap: How The World Is Failing to Stop the Crisis,” an analysis released by Action Against Hunger, a nonprofit leader in the global …
Global economic activity is experiencing a broad-based and sharper-than-expected slowdown, with inflation higher than seen in several decades. The cost-of-living crisis, tightening financial conditions in most regions, Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, and the lingering COVID-19 pandemic all weigh heavily on the outlook. Global growth is forecast to slow from 6.0 …
South Asia is facing renewed challenges. The impact of the Russia-Ukraine war on food and energy prices on domestic inflation is long-lasting. Externally, countries’ current account balances deteriorate rapidly as imports rise on the back of economic recovery and rising inflation, remittances decline, and foreign capital flows out following monetary …
Land and watershed degradation in Ethiopia threaten agricultural productivity, water supplies, and livelihoods. Key challenges include inadequate financing and unsustainable conservation interventions. Innovative financing strategies can help attract domestic and international investments for conservation interventions, or “nature-based solutions” (NBS). This paper identifies NBS financing models that offer promising pathways for …
This report, part of the State of Climate Finance in Africa series, provides a deep dive analysis of tracked climate finance in Nigeria in 2019/2020. Following a discussion of climate change policies, strategies, and plans enacted in the country to date, it delves into climate finance committed to and within …
This report contains a systematic analysis that sheds light on each component of digital finance and on how the components are linked with gender equality and women’s economic empowerment. It addresses five key challenges that limit the use of digital finance to promote women’s empowerment in Africa. The first challenge …
This paper analyses existing methodologies developed by commercial services providers, research institutes or civil society organisations for investors and financial institutions, to assess the alignment of their assets and portfolios with the Paris Agreement temperature goal. The analysis is based on four main analytical dimensions: coverage of financial asset classes, …
This study is a first of its kind and it reviews and analyses the impact of the regulatory treatment of the Ujwal DISCOM Assurance Yojana (UDAY) debt takeover on distribution companies (discoms) and consumers under two approaches: Approach A examines the regulatory treatment by state electricity regulatory commissions (SERCs) and …
Developing countries — especially least developed countries (LDCs) and Small Island Developing States (SIDS) — face huge challenges in financing their current climate and nature needs. The borrowing space of LDCs and SIDS is already significantly constrained by debt, and the 70% of climate finance provided as loans to developing …
This report provides a comprehensive, renewables-focused, long-term energy pathway for the transition to a cleaner and more sustainable energy system in Indonesia. Indonesia is key to the energy transition. It has the highest energy consumption among the Member States of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), and its energy …
This brief presents a case as to why a loss and damage finance facility must be established at the 2022 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP27). Finance in the aftermath of an extreme climate- or weather-related event is a necessity to counteract long-lasting negative effects. Despite 31 years of pressure, …
A wide range of countries make efforts to track their entire national public energy research, development and demonstration (RD&D;) activity on an ongoing basis, also sharing the collected data with the IEA through a standardised template. However, the approaches adopted to collect data vary significantly across countries. This roadmap describes …
By 2050, water stress, sea-level rise and crop failure from climate change may displace 31–72 million people across sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia and Latin America. Distress migration generates grave socioeconomic consequences — both for migrants and the families they leave behind. Through regression analysis and case studies, this paper explores …
In West Africa/Sahel, countries and their communities are experiencing the worst impacts of the climate crisis. Elsewhere, Paris Agreement climate finance commitments are set to prioritise the countries that are most impacted by climate change. However, new research by Oxfam shows that, despite West Africa/Sahel being one of the world’s …
Financing the acceleration of the progress needed to reach the NTD 2030 targets was highlighted throughout the global consultation on which the road map was based and, for some time, a lack of resources has been seen as a significant barrier to the control, elimination and eradication of NTDs. This …
This report is the second report about the 2021 World Risk Poll findings and it shows how financial insecurity undermines resilience in the face of climate change-related disasters. Communities across the world are feeling the impact of natural and human-made hazards, whether that’s severe weather and its link with climate …
This paper summarizes the discourse around policy responses to the climate and biodiversity emergency, with a focus on how public and private capital has been mobilized to respond to it. The author aims to examine how such investments have been directed towards biodiversity action, and in this context is motivated …
