SOUTH ASIA
Environmental court: Pakistan's Sindh High Court has recently directed the ministry of environment to establish environment tribunals, as required by the Pakistan Environment Protection Act, 1997,
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Tsunami hits again
A tsunami has once again hit the Java islands of Indonesia. Four-metre high waves, which crashed into the western and central-southern coast of the islands on July 17, were triggered by a series of
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Height of inequality
Standard of living determines a child s height
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In Court
giving up?: Indonesia and US-based mining giant Newmont Mining Corp have agreed for an out of court settlement of the US $133 million civil suit filed by the country's environment ministry
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Risky move
WB s U turn on hydropower
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Musharraf starts plantation drive
ISLAMABAD (PPI) President Pervez Musharraf inaugurated the national spring tree plantation drive here on Friday. More than 86.5 saplings would be planted during the drive all over the country. Federal Minister for Environment, Syed Wajid Hussain Bukhari told the media men after inauguration ceremony that during Spring plantation drive, 22 million in Punjab, 12 million in Sindh, 27 million in NWFP, 1.5 million in Balochistan and 16 million in Azad Jammu and Kashmir, 4 million in Northern Areas and 4 million saplings by different departments would be planted, says a press release issued here. In his message for the occasion, President Musharraf said that forests are the essential part of environment system. Forests regulate the water supplies to reservoirs and irrigation systems, which are the lifeline for the agro-based economy of Pakistan. Trees are natural air filters and perform protective function to stabilise mountainous land and to rebuild fertility of lands. He said our entire rural population also depends upon woods and biogas as a primary source energy. Despite their indirect contribution in other production sectors, economic values of forests are usually underestimated in national accounts and GDP. President Musharraf under Medium term Development Framework (2005-10) and Millenium Development Goals (2015) ample financial resources has been allocated to increase forest cover from 5.01 percent to 6 percent by 2015. Moreover, he said ECNEC has approved Rs 12 billion to launch mega projects of wood in all provinces, AJK and Northern Areas. He directed the provincial governments to ensure implementation on these projects. The President reiterated that Pakistan, as a member of various international and regional forums on Forests is committed to undertake forestry development programme with international support. He said the government would endeavour to ensure transfer of technologies, training and upgrading of departmental infrastructure in order to facilitate the Provinces in implementation their strategies and programmes of Forestry sector. He urged all Pakistani citizens to participate in the national efforts to cover barren land with trees.
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Add value to farm products to survive
Add value to your agricultural produce if you want to survive in the globalised market. Countries with inefficient agro-industries are likely to be left behind those with modern and efficient agroindustries. While high-income countries add, on an average, $180 of value by processing one tonne of agricultural products, developing countries generate only $40 of value per tonne. This is the starting theme of a global conference to be held in India in April. India will host the first global conference on agro-industries, to be held in New Delhi from April 8 to April 11. Prime Minister Manmohan Singh will inaugurate the forum along with director-general of UN Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Jacques Diouf, United Nations Industrial Development Organisation (UNIDO) director-general, Kandeh K. Yumkella and Inter national Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), president, Lennart Bage on April 9. The conference is jointly organised by the FAO, the UNIDO and the IFAD, in close collaboration with the government of India. The Global Agro-Industries Forum will promote the importance of agro-industries for economic development and poverty reduction. Around 500 senior representatives from the agro-industry, governments, technical and financing institutions, civil society and United Nations agencies will discuss the potential of agro-industries and the challenges they are facing. Increasing the market opportunities, particularly for smallscale producers in rural areas, by improving their production, processing and marketing capabilities, will be one of the main issues of the conference. Delivering better products at lower prices could be beneficial for poor consumers and could also create employment opportunities. The Forum will also encourage dialogue between the private and public sector in order to foster partnerships for developing competitive agroindustries. Rapid globalisation, market liberalisation, and urbanisation have created new opportunities for countries to trade agricultural and food products. However, they have also created challenges and increased risks.
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Govt scraps 8 Goa SEZs
First reversal after last year's protests in the state. As many as eight Special Economic Zones (SEZs) proposals in Goa were scrapped at one stroke by the inter-ministerial Board of Approvals, which met here today. The Board also decided to ask 12 developers in the state why their zones should not be cancelled. This is the first incident of a reversal of a Central policy, following a strong anti-SEZ movement in Goa last year that had threatened to bring down the Digambar Kamat-led Congress government. SEZs are underwritten by a central law passed by Parliament in 2005 that permits special taxation and other fiscal benefits to the developers and the units inside these zones. The Goa government, on December 31, 2007, had recommended that the Centre scrap all the zones in the state following widespread public protests. Anti-SEZ protesters had argued that the zones will put extra pressure on the already fragile infrastructure in the state and lead to a dilution of the Goan identity. Their argument was that "outsiders' would flood Goa in search of SEZ jobs that the locals will not be able to fill. This cancellation is the first time in history that ethnic issues have led to reversal of central industrial policy. Formally approved zones that are facing withdrawal of status include Inox Mercantile Company's 48-hectare Biotech zone in Verna, Panchbhoomi Infrastructure Pvt Ltd's 18.5-hectare infotech zone in North Goa and a 48-hectare Infotech zone of Paradigm Logistics in Verna. "We are following the principle of natural justice and are sending showcause notices to 12 formally approved zones. Proposals that were sent by the state and were yet to be considered by the Board of Approvals will be treated as withdrawn,' said Commerce Secretary Gopal Krishna Pillai, who heads the board. Three controversial SEZs in Goa
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Farmers from 20 states want their pie in Union Budget
Ahead of the Union Budget, farmers across the country have asked the government to consider agriculture as a separate entity and allocate a separate budget for it, besides interlink of all the rivers. Farmers from more than 20 states of the country had assembled under one banner and put forth their demands to MPs, Prime Minister, Finance Minister, Commerce and Industry Minister and the Planning Commission. Senior officials of the Consortium of Indian Farmers' Association (CIFA) said the farming community in the country wants a permanent solution to their problems rather than a short-term one through bonus on crops. "Finance Minister P Chidambaram, Agriculture Minister Sharad Pawar and Commerce and Industry Minister Kamal Nath have agreed to a long-term policy,' they told The Indian Express. CIFA secretary general Prabhakar K Reddy said they had urged the ministers to fix rates of crops based on cost of cultivation. He said they have also asked that rivers across the country should be interlinked so that input costs could be cut down. Farmer leaders from 24 states of the country had also met UPA chairperson Sonia Gandhi, BJP president Rajnath Singh and Telgu Desham party chief Chandrababu Naidu. "A meeting of all MPs across the country has been scheduled for March 15 at Andhra Bhawan in Delhi for an open debate,' said farmers. Reddy said, "The government should have a national policy on agriculture and the report of National Farmers' Commission Chairman MS Swaminathan should be put implemented.' Punjab president of the CIFA Satnam Singh Baheru said if the MPs failed to pay heed to their plight, they would blacklist them and never vote for them.
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Loan waiver comes as a boon to farmers
The Union Budget's proposal to waive agricultural loans will bring some relief for farmers of the State. The farmers, who benefited from the loan wavier scheme of the previous Janata Dal (Secular)-Bharatiya Janata Party government in the State, would again benefit from the Centre's loan waiver scheme. There are 60 lakh small and marginal farmers in the State, according to the Agriculture Department. The Union Budget proposal to waive farm loans will benefit those amongst them who have taken loans from scheduled commercial banks, regional rural banks (RRBs) and cooperatives in the State. Of the 75.8 lakh farmers in the State, 36.55 lakh are marginal farmers holding up to one hectare of land. There are 28.13 lakh small farmers who have one to two hectares of land in their possession. The marginal holdings account for 48.2 per cent of the total holdings while small holdings account for 26.60 per cent in the State. Union Finance Minister P. Chidambaram offered a debt relief package f Rs. 60,000 crore in the budget (2008-09) to four crore farmers in the country. Under the one-time settlement scheme that will benefit large farmers, the government will give a rebate of 25 per cent on payment of outstanding loans. There are 11.11 lakh big farmers in the State. All agricultural loans disbursed by scheduled commercial banks, regional rural banks and cooperative credit institutions up to 31 March 2007 and overdue as on 31 December 2007 will be covered under the scheme. The implementation of the debt waiver and debt relief scheme will be completed by June 30. Indebtedness Indebtedness was one of the major factors for farmers' suicide and the agrarian crisis in the State. As many as 61.6 per cent of farmer households are indebted in the State against the national average of 48.6 per cent. In Karnataka, 73.5 per cent of farmer households who owned two hectares of land or less are in debt, according to the National Sample Survey Organisation (2005). Extended The Union Budget has proposed to extend the weather-based crop insurance scheme for the coming kharif season in the State.
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Debt waiver: Banks may get cash-bond mix
BUDGET 2008-09 IMPACT DAY-2 No repayment of interest on outstanding loans. The Rs 60,000 crore farm debt waiver and relief package announced in the Budget may not be just in the form of special securities issued by the government, but involve actual money being reimbursed to them. The banks may have to forgo all interest on the outstanding debt amount. The package is only aimed at recovering the principal amount of the loans extended to nearly 40 million small and marginal farmers across the country. In addition, farmers availing of the loan waiver and relief package may have to agree to some conditions, including committing to not seeking debt relief again for a fixed period of time. The banks will be reimbursed over three years from June 30, 2008. In effect, the Rs 60,000 crore may be given in at least three annual tranches. Similarly, the bond component may also be spread in tranches till 2011. Senior government officials told Business Standard that the impression that public sector banks will lose out due to the debt waiver is misplaced. "Banks will actually get strengthened as they now stand to get back at least their principal amount, which otherwise is currently shown as bad debt on their balance sheet. The additional liquidity will help them', he said. However, officials said that the exact details of the debt waiver programme, the biggest hand-out in India's history, will take some time. "There are several options (to compensate banks without burdening the fiscal). We have four months to work that out. The details will be finalised', they added. The rationale for June 30, 2008 being set as the deadline for implantation of the debt waiver and relief scheme is that the loans had to be cleared by that date. The scheme applies to loans disbursed by scheduled commercial banks, regional rural banks and co-operative credit institutions up to March 31, 2007 and overdue as on December 31, 2007. Also read on Page 2: Sharad Pawar asks farmers not to repay money-lenders
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USAID-funded roads, drainage systems opened
The newly-constructed eight km of low maintenance, durable roads and drainage structures in the Pottuvil, Ampara district, funded by The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and the United Nations Office for Project Services (UNOPS) were opened recently, said a US Embassy press release. In the past, the roads flooded and became almost impassable; today, with the professionally-constructed roads and drainage structures, residents and visitors can travel with ease. The finished roads have had a major impact on the community in Pottuvil. Because the roads are now paved, the reduction of dust in the town is significant. Additionally, the local population's access to many essential services, including schools, health clinics and places of worship, has been dramatically improved by the new transportation systems. USAID, the US Government agency in charge of delivering development assistance from the American people, funded the project, and UNOPS implemented its construction. For the opening ceremony, USAID and UNOPS welcomed representatives from local government and the community. They were joined by A.H.M. Ansar, Divisional Secretary A.L.M. Asmy, Assistant Divisional Secretary, A.L. Mohamed Rauf, Pradeshiya Sabha Chairman, and A.M. Abdul Majeed, Opposition Leader, Pradeshiya Sabha, Mike Gould, Senior Engineer from USAID was joined by Rainer Frauenfeld, Fergus Gleeson and Fraser Sparks from UNOPS. The project began in September 2006, with the initial work being done on the construction yard in Pottuvil. In December 2006, work began on a concrete block casting yard. In March 2007, the concrete blocks produced at the casting yard were used to begin the road construction. In December 2007, just over one year after the project began, the entire eight km network of roads and drainage systems was successfully completed. The end result did more than just produce roads and drainage, it created jobs and experience. It also built human capital. The concrete block construction yard created in excess of 50,000 labour days with a workforce of some 400 labourers, significantly improving individual livelihoods and the overall economy of the tsunami and conflict-affected Pottuvil.
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NDA, UPA in war of words over funding of dole for farmers
The discussion on the President's address got off to a confrontationist and bitter start in Lok Sabha on Monday with NDA and UPA benches repeatedly interrupting each other even as Leader of Opposition L K Advani called on Prime Minister Manmohan Singh to reveal how the mega loan waiver would be funded. Advani said while a relief package for farmers was welcome, it was incumbent on government to tell Parliament how it intended to compensate banks and cooperatives for the Rs 60,000 crore sop. "Will this be by way of bonds that will be redeemed later?' he asked. He also pointed out that rural distress had been aggravated by price rise. The Radhakrishnan report on indebtedness said that there were a range of factors that were adding to the farmers' burden. Many farmers who were facing a debt trap had borrowed heavily from private money lenders. He sought to link the waiver with the possibility of an early election and said "since last August there has been uncertainty' referring to Congress-Left brinksmanship over the India-US nuclear deal. He said an unstable government could not deliver. Advani was interrupted with Congress MPs questioning him on issues like the record on combatting terror and BJP's position on Telangana. The heckling seemed part of a pre-planned script. Congress chief Sonia Gandhi's decision to sit on the last bench during the debate seemed to encourage her MPs who competed with one another in aggressively defending the party. The loan waiver issue also had an echo in Rajya Sabha with BJP and CPM charging the Centre with not addressing the real concerns of the poor. Participating in the discussion on the motion of thanks, Abhishek Singhvi (Congress) said the economy had grown by over 8% in the last four years. "But this gung-ho spirit has to be tempered' in the face of hard reality of 25% people still living below the poverty line.
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PAU experts should bring about winds of change
Patiala: The Punjab Cooperation Minister, Capt Kanwaljit Singh, today called upon the experts of Punjab Agriculture University (PAU), Ludhiana, to adopt a new approach to develop means for increasing crop production and strengthening the financial conditions of farmers. After inaugurating the kisan mela at Rauni village, the minister said that the farmers have utilised the underground water and fertilisers efficiently in order to fulfill the food demand of the country. However, they have gained nothing but the burden of loans. He said the farmers of the state have been contributing more than 60 per cent of the total national food requirement but they are suffering a loss of about Rs 1,500 crore annually. He urged the agriculture technology experts to take immediate steps to bail out farmers from the present crisis. He said that more than 2 lakh farmers in the state have quit farming during the last decade and 80,000 of them have now started out as labourers in different sectors. He said that in order to improve crop production and increase the income of farmers, special attention and policy formulation are needed. He asked the experts to search for new markets for the farmers' produce. He gave the example of Maharashtra, which is producing grapes in bulk and exporting them to various countries. He urged the PAU to take a lead in this direction. Referring to the loan waiver by the Center, the minister said that it is for the first time that the government has acknowledged the crisis of the food producers. He said that due to the wrong policies of the previous state government, growth rate of the state had come down to only 2 per cent. He strongly supported the continuation of subsidies for the farmers of the country. Capt Kanwaljit urged the farmers to adopt dairy farming and production of fruits and vegetables on a large scale instead of the traditional wheat and paddy farming. He said that a special plant is being set up in Nawanshehr for increasing Basmati rice production, which would contribute immensely in promoting the sowing of Basmati.
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Nature's timekeepers
SCIENTISTS in the US have isolated a gene that controls the biological clock in mice. With this, they have moved closer to understanding the cause of a host of human ailments, 'from jet lag to
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Oil in a day's work
IN THE wake of the devastating energy crisis, energy- related issues were catapul- ted onto the geopolitical agenda as one of the main issues affecting the global economy. But as the spot price of
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Transient truths
GIVEN the almost explosive interest in and proliferation of environment-related documentaries in India in recent times, it is perhaps possible now to explore a defmition of the niche or slot itself.
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MONEYMAKERS
JOINT NETWORKING: Oracle Corporation of the US has entered into an alliance with the Philippine Long Distance Phone Company (PLDT) to build a telecommunications and computer network in the
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The not so evident truth about R & D
Research by private companies has not grown in proportion with economic liberalisation because of a lack of innovative character.
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Selling God's secrets
After 20 years of scepticism, increasing sales have finally convinced industries that genetic engineering holds the key to the future.