Europe

State of the world's nursing 2025

Central to the achievement of the Agenda for Sustainable Development is an adequate, equitably distributed and fully supported health workforce. Nurses are the largest occupational group and represent an indispensable force with which to combat inequities in access to health services and progress towards health-related Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), while …

Dry spell

lack of rain, freezing temperatures and cold winds have brought fears of drought across Europe. Many farmers across Europe are now facing a 'catastrophe' according to Copa, the association of European farmers' unions. The worst hit countries are Italy, Spain and Portugal, while parts of France, Belgium and the uk …

No to cloning

TWENTY European countries recently signed a treaty which effectively bans human cloning. They signed the first international convention to control research into human genetic engineering and cloning at the Convention on Human Rights and Bio-medicine in Oviedo, Spain. The accord prohibits the use of genetic engineering techniques for anything other …

Pollution sensor

Monitoring the effect of rising carbon dioxide (CO) concentrations and climatic changes on Europe's forests is the aim of a collaborative project across eight European countries and Australia. The project is jointly funded by the Forestry Commission of UK and the European Union under the Environment and Climate Programme 1994-1998. …

All that is bad...

OTULA OWUOR NAIROBI the fear that deadly European products and wastes easily end up in Africa was again confirmed when Kenyan customs and health authorities impounded at least 3.2 tonnes of suspected British 'madcow beef' being dumped into the country. The importation of the beef suspected to carry a transmissible …

Take heed!

the phenomenon of global warming is surely not confirmed as yet. An area may have become warmer not because of an increase in global warming but because of certain natural variations. But whatever be the cause, it is time we took note. For Earth as a whole, 1996 ranked among …

More of everything?

• Parts of Europe and Asia including China will see more acidification in their environment in the coming years. •Agricultural land will expand from approximately 37 per cent of the total land area presently to around 50 per cent by 2050. The highest increases are projected to take place in …

As is where is

The Conventional Development (cd) scenario quantifies the growth of the main driving forces

Earth s balance sheet

mans nilsson How much do environmental issues really cost us every year? Is it possible that the environmental damage arising from the production and consumption of goods and services in our society is so costly that in some cases it offsets the welfare gains from the very same production and …

Divided union

industrialists and environmentalists are at loggerheads over a law being draf-ted by the European Commission (ec) which would force companies to pay for the environmental damage they cause. As per the draft law, European Union (eu) members will have to impose a strict

Tracking syphilis

Did the Europeans bring syphilis with them, a venereal disease caused by infection with the bacteria Treponema pallidum , or did they catch it from the places they travelled and take it back to Europe? The question, long debated, may finally be settled. Bruce Rothschild, a paleopathologist at the Arthritis …

Lurking danger

the latest item to join the list of banned products in Europe because of its possible risk to human health is an antibiotic called avoparcin. The European Union (eu) is going to ban the antibiotic following latest evidence from Denmark and Germany showing that the drug develops resistance to certain …

IN FOCUS

Fishing ministers of the European Union (EU) arrived at a consensus end 1996, which was marked by constant bickering over fishing quotas. After a debate on proposals made by the European Commis-sion (EC), ministers agreed to make moderate cuts in fish catch quotas for 1997. "The reductions were not that …

Cluster formation

In June last year when the Cluster mission was blown up because of a faulty launcher, most people thought that it was the end of the mission. But now the European Space Agency's Space Science Advisory Committee has recommended that the mission be reflown. All four of the mission's satellites, …

Deadly generosity

in september 1995, 84 nations met in Geneva at the third conference on the Basel Convention and agreed to ban the export of toxic wastes. The convention will come into force on January 1, 1998, if 63 of these 84 states including 24 oecd (Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development) …

Fur fights

a watered down compromise could be a possible outcome of the ongoing clash between the European Union (eu) and us over fur trade. The issue in contention involves an international agreement on humane trapping standards which eu would like to enforce and which us resists. eu has twice delayed imposing …

Forewarned

WITH re-emergence of diseases once thought to have been eradicated, concerned us and European health officials are establishing a global early warning network which will keep abreast of all such outbreaks in these regions and also other parts of the world. The network on communicable diseases will first focus on …

Less fuel, more fire

the speed of a rocket is determined by an old law: every action has an equal and opposite reaction (Newton's third law of motion). Current rocket technology is dependent on the speed of the exhaust gases emitted from its nozzle. If this speed could be increased by accelerating the gases …

The scars in the stars

Two European experiments performed with helium 3 uphold the theory of defect formation during phase transition, and clear some of the fog over the genesis of our universe

The scars in the stars

cosmology is one of those sciences where experimentation is rare. The scientist observes the universe and draws his own conclusions. But this might change now with reports of two experiments on the dynamics of phase transition in the early universe. These pioneering experiments, performed in France and Finland, have confirmed …

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