History

Order of the Madras High Court on the matter of safeguarding of archaeological monuments in Tamil Nadu, 07/06/2021

Order of the Madras High Court dated 07/06/2021 in the matter of Suo Motu Vs Archaeological Survey of India & Others regarding safeguarding of archaeological monuments in Tamil Nadu. The Madras High Court, June 7, 2021 in a slew of measures directed the concerned authorities to establish Mamallapuram World Heritage …

1,000 Years of Climate Data Confirms Australia's Warming

In the first study of its kind in Australasia, scientists have used 27 natural climate records to create the first large-scale temperature reconstruction for the region over the last 1000 years. The study was led by researchers at the University of Melbourne and used a range of natural indicators including …

Carbon Dioxide Helped End Last Ice Age: U.S. Researchers

Planet-warming carbon dioxide emissions - similar to those caused by burning fossil fuels and other human activities now - helped heat the planet and end the last ice age some 11,700 years ago, scientists reported on Wednesday. In a finding that offers a response to those skeptical about human-caused global …

Scientists pin down historic sea level rise

The collapse of an ice sheet in Antarctica up to 14,650 years ago might have caused sea levels to rise between 14 and 18 metres, a study showed on Wednesday, data which could help make more accurate climate change predictions. The melting of polar ice could contribute to long-term sea …

The invention of wind energy

Windmills have been turning for millennia, but they have only been producing electricity for 125 years. Scotsman James Blyth is regarded as the inventor of the technology, He could not celebrate his success, as electric power was seen as the work of the devil.

Scientists Pin Down Historic Sea Level Rise

The collapse of an ice sheet in Antarctica up to 14,650 years ago might have caused sea levels to rise between 14 and 18 metres (46-60 feet), a study showed on Wednesday, data which could help make more accurate climate change predictions. The melting of polar ice could contribute to …

Rice trade in the ‘rice bowl of Bengal’: Burdwan 1880–1947

Burdwan district, with its advantageous position in transportation network and good resource endowments, spontaneously responded to the commercialisation of agriculture. Rice received considerable commercial importance in the second half of the nineteenth century. It found access to new markets within and outside Bengal and consequently rice trade flourished. Rice trade …

"Alps Under The Ice" Gives Clues To Global Warming

The mystery of how a subglacial mountain range the size of the Alps formed up to 250 million years ago has finally been solved, scientists said on Wednesday, which could help map the effects of climate change. The Gamburtsev subglacial mountains are buried 3 km below the East Antarctic Ice …

Roman Era Drought in Southwest USA

There have been periodic droughts in the American southwest for millenia. A new study at the UA's Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research has revealed a previously unknown multi-decade drought period in the second century A.D which was in the middle of the Roman era. The findings give further evidence that extended …

Drought and the Maya

The collapse of the Maya civilization is often attributed to drought, but is the explanation really as simple as that? On the basis of evidence from their respective fields, an archaeologist and a palaeoclimatologist call for a more nuanced assessment.

Poop-corn culture

In 1532, the Spanish forces led by Francisco Pizarro routed the Inca army at Cajamarca in the northern highlands of Peru, bringing to an end South America’s biggest empire. The Spanish conquistador marched to the Inca capital Cusco in regalia, but claimed the Spaniards were restrained in their show of …

From source to sink ‘Official’ and ‘improved’ water in Delhi, 1868–1956

This article examines the making of a modern colonial city through the rhetoric of ‘improvement’ and ‘progress’ in relation to water. The reference is to the history of water in the city of Delhi and what may be called ‘the first science of environment’ in a colonial urban context, with …

A sea of stories

This magisterial history of the Mediterranean is a healthy corrective to romantic accounts which regard the sea as friendly grounds for trade in merchandise and ideas. While taking the reader from the age of the Phoenicians and Trojans to the advent of modern tourism, The Great Sea, A Human History …

Clinical historian

American Egyptologist Sarah Parcak’s methods might seem placid compared to Indiana Jones’. But they are far effective. The tinsel character had to battle snakes and Nazis to find the lost ancient Egyptian city of Tanis, while the University of Alabama Egyptologist pored over satellite images to uncover not just Tanis …

Cavemen grew GM rice 10,000 yrs ago

If you think genetically-modified rice is a modern-day practice, think again

When did early humans reach India?

EARLY humans arrived in India from Africa more than a million years ago, indicate newly discovered stone tools. The discovery overturns the earlier assumption that our ancestors reached India about half a million years ago. A research team led by Shanti Pappu of non-profit Sharma Centre for Heritage Education in …

India's education policy: From national to commercial

Post independence, India’s leaders, particularly Abul Kalam Azad, advocated an education policy that would be liberal and humanitarian, and set the nation on the path of progress and prosperity. This path was neither a full continuation of the colonial modern nor a restoration of the feudal-traditional. Drawing on progressive ideas …

Is information knowledge?

In 1948, a young mathematician published a paper in an obscure technical journal. For Claude Shanon, the mathematician in question, communication was purely a matter of sending a message composed of what he called bits over a noisy channel so that someone else could recover it. Whether the message was …

Antique X-ray machine

Scientists have pieced together remains of Xray equipment dating shortly after the discovery of the rays in 1895. Researchers from the same Dutch town where the system was originally built used it to produce striking images that belie its simplicity and age. The team said the images required a radiation …

Imperialism, geology and petroleum: History of oil in colonial Assam

In the last quarter of the 19th century, Assam’s oilfields became part of the larger global petroleum economy and thus played a key role in the British imperial economy. After decolonisation, the oilfields not only turned out to be the subject of intense competition in a regional economy, they also …

India, the ILO and the quest for social justice since 1919

Examining the interactions between the International Labour Organisation and India, one of its founding members since 1919, this paper observes that the strength of the relationship has varied over time, but has often benefited both sides. Looking ahead, it points out that the ILO and India face common challenges arising …

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