Economy

Sub-Saharan Africa’s Economic Outlook 2025: Navigating Uncertainty and Aligning Policy for Sustainable Recovery

The IMF’s April 2025 Regional Economic Outlook for Sub-Saharan Africa presents a clear warning: regional growth is slowing, debt pressures are mounting, and donor assistance is declining. Yet the report outlines critical opportunities particularly in domestic revenue mobilization, structural reform, and private sector activation that can shape a more resilient …

Somalia country economic memorandum: towards an inclusive jobs agenda

Somalia has a triple challenge of low levels of labor force participation, low productivity, and high levels of poverty. Economic growth in Somalia has been low, subject to shocks; and thus, insufficient for job creation. Shocks to the economy have contributed to forced displacement, a dominance of jobs outside of …

The economic case for nature

The Economic Case for Nature is part of a series of papers by the World Bank that lays out the economic rationale for investing in nature and recognizes how economies rely on nature for services that are largely underpriced. This report presents a first-of-its-kind integrated ecosystem-economy modelling exercise to assess …

ILO global estimates on international migrant workers: results and methodology

The number of international migrant workers has increased from 164 to 169 million, the International Labour Organization (ILO) said, noting a marked rise in the number of young people seeking opportunities abroad, too. A new report from the ILO indicates that migrant workers made up one in 20 of the …

Covid-19 and tourism: an update

The crash in international tourism due to the coronavirus pandemic could cause a loss of more than $4 trillion to the global GDP for the years 2020 and 2021, according to an UNCTAD report. The estimated loss has been caused by the pandemic’s direct impact on tourism and its ripple …

Kenya Economic Update: rising above the waves

Kenya’s largest age cohort is between 10 and 14 and will be joining the labor force over the next decade. This inflection point coincides with the country’s effort to steer towards economic recovery from the COVID-19 crisis. Can the jobs and labor market keep up to deliver on this socio-economic …

Hidden debt: solutions to avert the next financial crisis in South Asia

The COVID-19 crisis, which has sent economies in South Asia and around the world into a deep recession, has highlighted South Asia’s rising debt levels and sizable hidden liabilities. State-owned enterprises, state-owned commercial banks, and public-private partnerships have been at the center of the rising debt wave and the latest …

Sustainable Development Goals National Indicator Framework Progress Report 2021

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were adopted by the United Nations in September 2015 for the next 15 years covering all aspects of development. Countries were expected to implement the SDGs at national level based on national priorities. India has been playing a prominent role in defining the contours of …

Governing coastal resources: implications for a sustainable blue economy

The report draws together an evidence base that demonstrates beyond question the need for enhanced governance coordination between terrestrial activities and marine resources. Coastal resources - including fish, minerals and energy - are critical to people, nature and the economy, and are a focus for the emerging sustainable blue economy …

Investing in nature to build back better

Given the emergence of the global health crisis in 2020 and the economic fallout thereafter, the UN Environment Programme (UNEP) and its partners, discussed the need to initiate discourse on mainstreaming nature into the economic recovery process in India. These discussions led to the initiation of a webinar series under …

Malawi economic monitor: investing in digital transformation

Malawi was affected by a severe second wave of COVID-19 (coronavirus) cases starting in the last weeks of 2020. As a result, the Government declared a second 'State of National Disaster' and announced increased social distancing measures. Case numbers peaked in January and gradually subsided through April, when restrictions were …

World Investment Report 2021: investing in sustainable recovery

Global flows of foreign direct investment have been severely hit by the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2020, they fell by one third to $1 trillion, well below the low point reached after the global financial crisis a decade ago. Greenfield investments in industry and new infrastructure investment projects in developing countries …

Sierra Leone 2021 economic update: welfare and poverty effects of the COVID-19 pandemic

ierra Leone’s economy is projected to recover from the COVID-19 contraction with real GDP expected to rebound by 3.0 percent in 2021, an upward revision of 0.8 percentage point relative to the 2020 forecast, according to the new World Bank Sierra Leone Economic Update. The growth rebound reflects the expected …

Special Economic Zones (Amendment) Rules, 2021

The Department of Commerce on June 16, 2021 has published Special Economic Zones (Amendment) Rules, 2021 to further amend the Special Economic Zones Rules, 2006. The following amendment in the Special Economic Zones Rules, 2006 are as under: After rule 21 which specifies Offshore Banking Unit, the following rule shall …

Nigeria development update: resilience through reforms

In 2020 the Nigerian economy shrank by 1.8%, its deepest decline since 1983. The COVID-19 crisis drove the economic slowdown; the external context was marked by capital outflows, intensified risk aversion, low oil prices, and shrinking foreign remittances. The Nigeria Development Update Resilience through Reforms states that reforms implemented by …

Country financing roadmap for the SDGs: Ghana

Even before the COVID-19 pandemic, Ghana had taken proactive measures to solidify its commitments to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), including financing the SDGs as a long-standing priority. In partnership with the World Economic Forum’s Sustainable Development Investment Partnership (SDIP), the Country Financing Roadmap (CFR) for SDGs initiative is …

Sustainable development in the European Union: monitoring report on progress towards the SDGs in an EU context 2021

Sustainable development is firmly anchored in the European Treaties and has been at the heart of European policy for a long time. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), adopted by the UN General Assembly in September 2015, have given a new impetus to …

Sustainable Development Report 2021

The Sustainable Development Report 2021 presents the SDG Index and Dashboards for all UN member states, outlines the short-term impacts of COVID-19 on the SDGs, and describes how the SDGs can frame the recovery. It was prepared by teams of independent experts at the Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN) and …

Development and globalization: facts and figures 2021

Small island developing States (SIDS) face an uphill battle as they strive to recover from the impact of the COVID-19 crisis amid vulnerabilities worsened by the pandemic. The 2021 edition of UNCTAD’s Development and Globalization: Facts and Figures report, highlights the numerous strengths and challenges facing these economically vulnerable countries. …

Deploying sustainable aviation fuels at scale in India: a clean skies for tomorrow

The World Economic Forum’s Clean Skies for Tomorrow (CST) initiative has brought together an Indian community of private and public institutions with a shared vision of scaling production and use of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF). To realize this vision, the CST India initiative established a specific goal to transport 100 …

SDG sector roadmaps: guidelines to inspire sectors to drive transformation in support of the SDGs

The SDG Sector Roadmap: Guidelines to inspire sectors to drive transformation in support of the Sustainable Development Goals lay out a step-by-step process that companies from the same sector can follow as they come together to explore, articulate and realize a common vision for how their industry can leverage their …

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