Good Food is First Food. It is not junk food. It is the food that connects nature and nutrition with livelihoods. This food is good for our health; it comes from the rich biodiversity of our regions; it provides employment to people. Most importantly, cooking and eating give us pleasure. …
Diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) are globally relevant air pollutants that exert a detrimental human health impact. However, mechanisms of damage by DEP exposure to human respiratory health and human susceptibility factors are only partially known. Matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) has been implied as an (etio)pathogenic factor in human lung and airway …
This report addresses the question of the relationship between the level of emission reductions to be undertaken by the United States by 2020 and the risk of exceeding a global 2
Traffic-related air pollution has been associated with adverse health outcomes, and the immune system may be a biologic mediator of health effects. We analyzed associations between living near major roads and immune status as measured by five immune assays. The researchers hypothesized that living near a freeway, arterial, or truck …
This publication is designed to help companies explore the various options for deploying and financing renewable energy technologies. In particular, it considers deployment strategies for solar photovoltaic, solar thermal, wind, and geothermal heat pump technologies and provides examples of successful deployments. It provides a unique approach to considering each option, …
Mountaintop mining (MTM) is a surface mining technique that is used to safely and efficiently extract coal reserves near the surface in the steep terrain conditions characteristic of Central Appalachia. During MTM, multiple coal seams are uncovered by removing the overburden and interburden (the rock situated above and between seams), …
This document represents the collective expertise of a diverse group of individuals concerned with ecosystem degradation, and the continuing loss of the services provided by these ecosystems. Attention is given to aquatic ecosystems because of water`s fundamental role as the `blood` of ecosystem structure and functions, and an engine of …
Epidemiologic studies suggest a positive association between fine particulate matter and arterial blood pressure, but the results have been inconsistent. The researchers investigated the effect of ambient particles on systemic hemodynamics during a 5-hr exposure to concentrated ambient air particles (CAPs) or filtered air (FA) in conscious canines.
Mixtures of organophosphate and carbamate pesticides are commonly detected in freshwater habitats that support threatened and endangered species of Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus sp.) . These pesticides inhibit the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and thus have potential to interfere with behaviors that may be essential for salmon survival. Although the effects …
Water quality trading is gaining traction in a number of watersheds around the world. It is a market-based approach that works alongside water quality regulation to improve water quality, providing flexibility in how regulations are met and potentially lowering regulatory compliance and abatement costs. The research identified 57 water quality …
This study reviews regulatory instruments designed to reduce environmental externalities from the transport sector. The study finds that the main regulatory instruments used in practice are fuel economy standards, vehicle emission standards, and fuel quality standards. Although industrialized countries have introduced all three standards with strong enforcement mechanisms, most developing …
When it comes to linking cigarette smoke to heart attacks, one might assume that such a link would apply only as long as one is smoking or being exposed to secondhand smoke. That's not necessarily true, however, at least according to a follow-up study of people living in and around …
Clean Edge, which has been tracking the growth of clean-tech markets for nearly a decade, reports that global revenues for solar photovoltaics, wind power, and biofuels expanded from $75.8 billion in 2007 to $115.9 billion in 2008. For the first time, one sector alone, wind, had revenues exceeding $50 billion. …
Climate change is increasingly recognised as a key issue for the automotive sector. According to figures from the International Energy Agency, transport is responsible for around 18% of all carbon emissions, with autos (light-duty vehicles) accounting for approximately 10%. The risks and opportunities for carbon reduction strategies for this sector …
Industrial-scale attempts to capture CO2 from coal-burning power plants or oil refineries and lock it away deep underground are getting an unprecedented boost from the U.S. government's $787 billion stimulus package.
chemical sciences Sugars preserve organs longer Growth of ice crystals during organ preservation at low temperatures leaves them unfit for transplantation. Several carbohydrates have the ability to prevent the growth of ice crystals. This ability correlates with the hydration number which is the number of water molecules bound to one …
