Fuel Economy Standards

State of the Climate in Asia 2024

The World Meteorological Organization’s State of the Climate in Asia 2024 report warns that the region is warming nearly twice as fast as the global average, driving more extreme weather and posing serious threats to lives, ecosystems, and economies. In 2024, Asia experienced its warmest or second warmest year on …

The Global Fuel Economy Initiative: delivering climate action

This report provides an overview of GFEI’s work globally, highlighting how improved vehicle fuel economy is vital for tackling climate change. It was published to coincide with the Global Climate Action Summit in San Francisco in September 2018.

Two-and-three-wheelers: a policy guide to sustainable mobility solutions for motorcycles

Motorcycles are a dominant form of transport in many cities, especially throughout Asia. This Sourcebook describes the challenges of this trend and provides an overview on measures to counter the rising emissions from two-stroke two-and three-wheelers in developing cities. The Sourcebook aims to provide policymakers and advisers in middle and …

Trump plan to rollback fuel standards to get second hearing

The Trump administration's proposal to rollback national fuel economy standards was headed for its second public hearing a day after California officials and scores of speakers here blasted it as a danger to the environment and public health. The second hearing was scheduled for Tuesday in Dearborn, Michigan—a city in …

Assessing Canada’s 2025 passenger vehicle greenhouse gas standards: Benefits analysis

This paper is part of a series of reports on analysis done by the ICCT on Canada-specific technology pathways, costs, and benefits of Canada’s 2025 passenger vehicle greenhouse gas standards. The analysis compares the standards currently in force to the alternative of following the Trump Administration’s proposal to roll back …

Green vehicle rating for 2 and 3 wheelers in India

As a first-time effort in India, the Green Vehicle Rating (GVR) serves as a consumer information tool that identifies high to low performing vehicle models in 2 & 3-wheeler categories, in terms of the negative impacts of greenhouse gases and criteria pollutants released from the tail pipe. The rating is …

Electric vehicles: the catalyst to further decarbonisation

This report looks exclusively at potential oil demand displacement from electric vehicles (EVs) and finds: EVs alone could cause peak oil demand by the late 2020’s – with annual marginal growth in oil demand (IEA New Policies Scenario) entirely offset by EVs as early as 2027. The size of the …

The role of plug-in electric vehicles to improve fuel economy

Plug-in electric vehicles (EVs) are well equipped to significantly increase the pace towards greater fuel efficiency, according to the latest Global Fuel Economy Initiative (GFEI) working paper. PEVs also present significant benefits in terms diversification of the transport energy mix, the reduction of local pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, as …

How things work: OMEGA modeling case study based on the 2018 Toyota Camry

The 2018 Toyota Camry incorporates eight technology upgrades that are specifically modelled in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Optimization Model for Reducing Emissions of Greenhouse Gases from Automobiles (OMEGA) and Lumped Parameter Model (LPM). This large number of simultaneous technology upgrades makes the Camry an excellent case study of how …

South Africa's new passenger vehicle CO2 emission standards: baseline determination and benefits assessment

South Africa’s new passenger vehicle fleet is the largest on the African continent and the 18th largest globally. South African manufacturers sold more than 412,000 new vehicles in 2015, and exported more than 333,000 units in that year. Although domestic new vehicle sales have been impacted by economic and political …

Greenhouse Gas Emission standards for light-duty vehicles

EPA and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) jointly established a National Program consisting of standards for light-duty vehicles that reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and improve fuel economy. EPA’s GHG rules for light-duty vehicles require compliance with progressively more stringent GHG emission standards for the 2012 through 2025 …

Light-duty automotive technology, carbon dioxide emissions, and fuel economy trends: 1975 Through 2017

The Light-Duty Automotive Technology, Carbon Dioxide Emissions, and Fuel Economy Trends Report is published annually to summarize trends in EPA’s best estimate of real-world tailpipe carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and fuel economy, and associated technologies. Average new vehicle CO2 emissions fell by 2 grams per mile to a record low, …

Wider, taller, heavier: evolution of light duty vehicle size over generations

Vehicle size and weight has evolved significantly in the last decades, with vehicle getting larger, taller and substantially heavier. The evidence gathered in this paper shows that the growing share of SUVs is drastically accelerating the size and weight increase trends and threatens the EU CO2 improvement rates. This report …

Global baseline assessment of compliance and enforcement programs for vehicle emissions and energy efficiency

As vehicle pollution and fuel efficiency regulations have become more stringent, the technologies required to mitigate emissions and reduce fuel consumption become increasingly complex. One consequence is that government agencies around the world must improve their compliance and enforcement efforts to ensure that the intended outcomes from emission-control and fuel-efficiency …

Status of policies for clean vehicles and fuels in select G20 countries

Reveals that the efforts made by multiple Transport Task Group (TTG) countries to promote and support policies and programs—including stringent tailpipe emissions standards, fuel economy standards, low sulfur fuels, and green freight programs—are in good alignment with the long-term perspective and pathways of the Transport Task Group defined in the …

Too low to be true? How to measure fuel consumption and CO2 emissions of plug-in hybrid vehicles, today and in the future

This document outlines the current procedure for the determination of fuel consumption, carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, electric energy consumption, and electric range, specifically for PHEVs in Europe, highlights the most relevant changes expected with the introduction of the new Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicles Test Procedure (WLTP) and discusses key differences …

2017 Global update: Light-duty vehicle greenhouse gas and fuel economy standards

Global greenhouse gas (GHG) emission and fuel economy standards for light-duty vehicles (LDVs) have progressed significantly in a little more than a decade. Ten years ago, only four governments had introduced mandatory GHG emission/fuel economy standards: China, Japan, South Korea, and the United States. The European Union and Canada had …

2017 Global update: Light-duty vehicle greenhouse gas and fuel economy standards

Global greenhouse gas (GHG) emission and fuel economy standards for light-duty vehicles (LDVs) have progressed significantly in a little more than a decade. Ten years ago, only four governments had introduced mandatory GHG emission/fuel economy standards: China, Japan, South Korea, and the United States. The European Union and Canada had …

Efficiency technology and cost assessment for U.S. 2025–2030 light-duty vehicles

Analyzes emerging vehicle-efficiency technologies with respect to cost and capacity to lower carbon emissions from passenger cars and light-duty trucks in the 2025–2030 time frame. The paper builds on the modeling and peer-reviewed research underlying the Technical Assessment Report of the EPA and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration for …

International comparison of light-duty vehicle fuel economy 2005-2015: ten years of fuel economy benchmarking

While the average fuel economy of vehicles continues to improve, a new analysis by the Global Fuel Economy Initiative (GFEI) highlights that the rate of progress has slowed in recent years. The average amount of fuel required to travel 100 km improved by 1.1% in 2014 and 2015, down from …

2017 Outlook for Energy: A View to 2040

The share of the world's electricity generated by coal is expected to fall to about 30 percent from approximately 40 percent in 2015 as the use of lower-emission energy sources including natural gas, nuclear and renewables increases says this report. Global population growth of nearly 2 billion, a doubling of …

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