Reply by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in compliance to the National Green Tribunal (NGT) order dated January 21, 2024 in the matter of ‘News item titled “Feeling anxious? Toxic air could be to blame” appearing in Times of India dated 10.10.2023’. NGT had directed CPCB to file a …
Phase 1 fuel consumption standards for heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs) took effect in India on April 1, 2023. While they are an important first step, they do not exploit the full potential of already existing technology to reduce fuel consumption from heavy-duty trucks (HDTs). Additionally, vehicle technologies are expected to continue …
The objectives of this paper are to assess the status of zero-emission HDV deployment and policies in Emerging Markets and Developing Economies (EMDEs), evaluate the major policy levers for HDV electrification, and identify policy barriers and key recommendations for HDV electrification in the EMDEs. This briefing was originally produced and …
This paper provides a comprehensive overview of mild-hybrid technology and recent developments in 48V mild hybridization of conventional vehicle powertrains. It estimates the CO2 reduction potential, as well as current and future system cost, for different mild-hybrid electric vehicle (MHEV) system configurations. It also reviews the market penetration trends and …
Promotion of zero-emission vehicle (ZEV) technologies is a key global strategy for decarbonizing the transport sector and helping to achieve long-term climate goals. ZEV sales are increasing rapidly in the world’s leading passenger vehicle markets, including China and many of the countries represented in the ZEV Transition Council (ZEVTC). However, …
In April of 2020, the Indian government introduced its Bharat Stage VI (BS VI) emissions standards for all new sales of automobiles, which replaced the Bharat Stage IV (BS IV) norms. While BS VI does not govern carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions (but instead covers pollutants like carbon monoxide [CO], particulate …
This annual report is part of EPA’s commitment to provide the public with information about new light-duty vehicle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, fuel economy, technology data, and auto manufacturers' performance in meeting the agency’s GHG emissions standards. Model year 2020 new vehicle estimated real world CO2 emissions are at a …
This briefing provides an update on electric vehicle market and policy developments globally through 2020, with a focus on changes since previous update in 2019. It includes information on how several governments in major markets have revised their vehicle electrification targets and developed related policies, as well as summarizes global …
This strategy document examines the ongoing efforts to promote electromobility in Indonesia, identifies key stakeholders relevant to electric vehicle (EV) issues, and identifies synergies among existing EV initiatives nationwide, as well as policy gaps in the effort to accelerate EV uptake in Indonesia. The strategy highlights actions and instruments of …
Market analyses by vehicle segment, weight category, manufacturer, and engine size are needed to optimize vehicle emission standards and testing requirements. In India, these are largely adopted from Euro standards to fit the Indian landscape, and that was the case with the Bharat Stage (BS) VI regulations that took effect …
Long-haul trucks are responsible for the bulk of road freight CO2 emissions in Europe. However, at the time the heavy-duty vehicle CO2 standards were finalized in the European Union in 2019, there was little information available on zero-emission technologies. The 2022 review of the CO2 standards presents a latent opportunity …
In the past decade, China has rapidly become the world’s largest electric vehicle market, accounting for half of the world’s electric vehicle sales and more than 90% of the stock of electric buses and trucks combined. This accelerated growth is the result of targeted policy efforts at the national and …
This brief reviews strategic documents and policies in Indonesia that are intended to promote fuel-efficient vehicles and electric vehicles (EVs). It evaluates their effectiveness and suggests areas where additional government intervention might accelerate emission reductions and decarbonization of the vehicle fleet, which is currently at an early stage. This overview …
In December 2020, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE) of China updated the China IV emission standards for non-road mobile machinery. It set new requirements for particle number (PN) limits, the use of Global Positioning System (GPS) tracking systems, and portable emissions measurement system (PEMS) testing for improved real-world …
China’s New Energy Vehicle Industrial Development Plan for 2021 to 2035 (“Plan 2021–2035”) follows the Energy-Saving and New Energy Vehicle Industry Plan for 2012 to 2020 and aims to build a green, robust, and internationally competitive auto industry. It sets a target of an approximately 20% share for new energy …
This is a global overview of all targets announced, as of June 2021, for phasing out of the sale or registration of new internal combustion engine (ICE) passenger cars. It includes details of each goal in a concluding table. Note that the phase-outs called for in different jurisdictions vary in …
A report of the expert committee on the road map for ethanol blending in India 2020 to 2025 was released by the Prime Minister Narendra Modi. The report has been prepared by the NITI Aayog in collaboration with the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas. The Expert Committee has suggested …
As part of the roadmap to achieve its climate-neutrality goal, the European Commission will come forward with a proposal for revised CO2 targets for new passenger cars and vans by the middle of 2021. This paper assesses the CO2 reduction potential and associated estimated costs for currently adopted policies and …
The European Commission is currently developing the requirements for the upcoming Euro VII standards. This paper assesses the total manufacturing costs of the emissions control systems—including both engine and aftertreatment technologies—that will likely be required to meet these limits. In particular, this study estimates the costs associated with deploying technologies …
This study analyzes policies that California, the United States, and Canada have enacted to promote reduced GHG emissions from heavy-duty trucks, how these policies have impacted technology deployment, and lessons that Canada can take as it evaluates policy options to accelerate the deployment of fuel- and GHG-reduction technologies in its …
The shift from carburetor technology to fuel injection that has come with the implementation of India’s Bharat Stage VI emission standards provides the basis from which to consider other incremental technologies for fuel efficiency improvement in the two-wheeler segment, which currently consumes more gasoline than all other forms of on-road …
