History

Order of the Madras High Court on the matter of safeguarding of archaeological monuments in Tamil Nadu, 07/06/2021

Order of the Madras High Court dated 07/06/2021 in the matter of Suo Motu Vs Archaeological Survey of India & Others regarding safeguarding of archaeological monuments in Tamil Nadu. The Madras High Court, June 7, 2021 in a slew of measures directed the concerned authorities to establish Mamallapuram World Heritage …

Last woolly mammoths 'died of thirst'

The mammoths on St Paul Island outlived their mainland cousins by thousands of years One of the last known groups of woolly mammoths died out because of a lack of drinking water, scientists believe. The Ice Age beasts were living on a remote island off the coast of Alaska, and …

Earliest hominin cancer: 1.7-million-year-old osteosarcoma from Swartkrans Cave, South Africa

The reported incidence of neoplasia in the extinct human lineage is rare, with only a few confirmed cases of Middle or Later Pleistocene dates reported. It has generally been assumed that pre-modern incidence of neoplastic disease of any kind is rare and limited to benign conditions, but new fossil evidence …

Early Neolithic genomes from the eastern fertile crescent

We sequenced Early Neolithic genomes from the Zagros region of Iran (eastern Fertile Crescent), where some of the earliest evidence for farming is found, and identify a previously uncharacterized population that is neither ancestral to the first European farmers nor has contributed significantly to the ancestry of modern Europeans. These …

Weathering of rocks by mosses may explain climate effects during the Late Ordovician

During the Ordovician period, the concentration of CO2 in the earth's atmosphere was about eight times higher than today. It has been hard to explain why the climate cooled and why the Ordovician glaciations took place. A new study, published in Nature Communications, shows that the weathering of rock caused …

Osteogenic tumour in Australopithecus sediba: Earliest hominin evidence for neoplastic disease

We describe the earliest evidence for neoplastic disease in the hominin lineage. This is reported from the type specimen of the extinct hominin Australopithecus sediba from Malapa, South Africa, dated to 1.98 million years ago. Original Source

Spatializing 6,000 years of global urbanization from 3700 BC to AD 2000

How were cities distributed globally in the past? How many people lived in these cities? How did cities influence their local and regional environments? In order to understand the current era of urbanization, we must understand long-term historical urbanization trends and patterns. However, to date there is no comprehensive record …

Prehistoric Warm Periods Can Help Predict Future Climate Change

Humans can look to the past to predict future changes in climate, according to a recent report. The study can be beneficial for understanding extreme weather, mass extinctions and melting ice sheets due to increased carbon dioxide emissions in the future. On the basis of a report published in Nature …

Rare ice data collected by early 'citizen scientists' confirms warming

MADISON, Wis. -- In 1442, 50 years before Columbus "sailed the ocean blue," Shinto priests in Japan began keeping records of the annual freeze dates of a nearby lake. Along a Finnish river, starting in 1693, local merchants recorded the date the ice broke up each spring. These observations are …

Between 1900 and 2000 sea level rose by 14cm - more than any of the previous 27 centuries

Global sea level rose by 14cm in the 20th century - more than in any of the previous 27 centuries, say researchers from Rutgers University who believe climate change is to blame. The study, published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, discovered that between the years …

Sea levels rising at fastest rate in 2,800 years due to global warming, studies show

Higher temperatures as a result of industrialisation blamed for the acceleration, as scientists warn of potential for 131cm rise by year 2100 Sea levels are rising several times faster than they have in the past 2,800 years, with the process accelerating because of manmade global warming, according to new studies. …

Are we impacting the future of our planet for thousands of years?

The Earth may suffer irreversible damage that could last tens of thousands of years because of the rate humans are emitting carbon into the atmosphere. In a new study in Nature Climate Change, researchers at Oregon State University, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and collaborating institutions found that the longer-term impacts …

Did climate change end the reign of the pharaohs? Queen's tomb could shed light on 'dark period' of ancient Egypt 4,600 years ago

Now one expert believes the grave could reveal that the kingdom was facing similar problems to our own, in the form of political unrest and climate change. Archaeologists recently unearthed the 4,600-year-old tomb of Khentkaus III - a queen of the Old Kingdom - in a necropolis of Abu-sir, southwest …

Ice Cores May Reveal Historical Climate Changes in Antarctica

The timing and duration of historical climate changes have been debated by scientists for years. Ice core records, though, can offer a way for scientists to study glacial-interglacial cycles. However, the precise dating of the core is key to understanding the timing of these cycles. In this latest study, the …

Earth's recent history may predict global temperatures

Climate change over the last 150 years may estimate future global temperatures, a NASA study has found. According to a new NASA study published in the journal Nature Climate Change, to quantify climate change, researchers need to know the Transient Climate Response (TCR) and Equilibrium Climate Sensitivity (ECS) of Earth. …

Massive River Once Flowed Across Sahara: Scientists Find Paleoriver Network Under Desert Sands

Scientists have discovered that a vast river network was occupied the sands of the western Sahara desert. The researchers gathered images, which detected a paleoriver network beneath the desert sands, according to a study. The former river system is believed to be a part of the Tamanrasett River valley, which …

What African Wildlife Looked Like 1000 Years Ago

What did African wildlife look like 1,000 years ago? That's exactly what scientists are finding out in a bid to better understand how they have shaped the world we live in. "Animals matter and ecologists across the world are starting to realize that many ecosystems cannot be understood without including …

New study finds ‘no substantive evidence’ of a global warming ‘pause’

Even as Lamar Smith (R-Tx.), chairman of the House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, continues to investigate a high profile study from federal scientists debunking the idea of a global warming slowdown or “pause,” a new study reaches the same conclusion — in a different yet complementary way. “There …

Ancient Wildfires: Researchers Examine Evolution Of Forest Fires

Even though plants first emerged on Earth 400 million years ago, it was not until approximately 80 million years later that wildfires began ripping through forests and grasslands like they do today in California, a new study revealed. Coast redwoods will be shifted northward into southern Oregon, if temperatures continue …

Early divergent strains of Yersinia pestis in Eurasia 5,000 years ago

The bacteria Yersinia pestis is the etiological agent of plague and has caused human pandemics with millions of deaths in historic times. How and when it originated remains contentious. Here, we report the oldest direct evidence of Yersinia pestis identified by ancient DNA in human teeth from Asia and Europe …

Ottoman infrastructures of the Saudi hydro-state: The technopolitics of pilgrimage and potable water in the Hijaz

The provisioning of potable water was a microcosm of the Ottoman state's incomplete projects of technopolitical modernization on the Arab frontier. Water questions sat at the intersection between international pressures surrounding cholera, drought, Wahhabi and Bedouin disorder, and the inability of the state to impose its will on the semi-autonomous …

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