Atmosphere

Greenhouse Gas bulletin: the state of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere based on global observations through 2022

Greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere hit new record highs in 2022, with no end in sight to the rising trend, according to this new report by the World Meteorological Organisation (WMO). This Bulletin represents the latest analysis of observations from the WMO GAW Programme. It shows globally averaged surface …

Offshoots

recently, us researchers have proved for the first time that the water vapour exhaust trails or contrails that are left by cruising jet planes have an insulating effect on daily temperatures. Andrew Carleton from us-based Pennsylvania State University and colleagues measured the effect of contrails during the three-day grounding of …

Uncle Sam coming around?

It is for the first time that the Bush administration has linked an increase in global warming to human activities in the us. The Climate Action Report 2002 of the us government says, "Greenhouse gases are accumulating in Earth's atmosphere as a result of human activities, causing global mean surface …

Techno rainbird

a new computer model by National Aeronautical and Space Administration (NASA) can now indicate exactly where rain or snow originate across the world. The model simulates water movement in the atmosphere around the world and traces it from the places where it evaporates to the places where it falls back …

Searing spell

a severe heat wave swept across the southern, central and northern parts of India in May. More than 1,100 people are said to have succumbed to the scorcher. In Andhra Pradesh, the unusually intense and prolonged heat claimed more than 1,000 lives. This prompted state chief minister Chandrababu Naidu to …

Deep impacts

over the past half-century, Earth's entire surface or the lithosphere has warmed up significantly and is gaining energy at approximately the same rate as the atmosphere and cryosphere (the portion of Earth's surface where water is in solid form such as sea ice, snow cover, glaciers, ice caps and permafrost). …

Global emission of mercury from anthropogenic sources in 1995

An estimate of the global emission of mercury from anthropogenicsources in 1995 has been prepared. Major emphasis is placed onemissions from stationary combustion sources, non-ferrous metalproduction, pig iron and steel production, cement production andwaste disposal. About three quarters of the total emission,estimated to be about 1900 tonnes, was from combustion …

Packing more power

scientists in Italy have discovered a new form of oxygen. In addition to the two well-known forms

Aerosols, climate, and the hydrological cycle

Human activities are releasing tiny particles (aerosols) into the atmosphere. These human-made aerosols enhance scattering and absorption of solar radiation. They also produce brighter clouds that are less efficient at releasing precipitation. These in turn lead to large reductions in the amount of solar irradiance reaching Earth's surface, a corresponding …

Polluting fireworks

Fireworks that mark public leave the air pollutant ozone according to research conducted at the Jawaharlal Nehru University , in India. Ozone in the lower atmosphere works as a respiratory irritant, a greenhouse gas and a plant toxin. Its production from oxygen in this part of the atmosphere was previously …

Polluting outlets

retail petrol outlets have been identified as sources of atmospheric air pollution by the Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board ( tnpcb ). A tnpcb directive states that hydrocarbon vapours are emitted into the atmosphere from the large underground tanks of these outlets during storage. It is also emitted at time …

Warning in the stalagmites

studying a half-metre-long stalagmite recovered from a now submerged cave in the Bahamas has shown that there were dramatic changes in the amount of radioactive carbon swirling around in the Earth's atmosphere during the last Ice Age. The changes were far greater than previously believed. The findings serve a warning …

Deadly dust

Dust blown from Africa not only produces striking sunsets in Florida, usa, but also carries with it lethal stowaway bacteria and fungi. The dust plumes begin their trans-Atlantic journey from the topsoil of the Sahara Desert. The dust is transported into the atmosphere and crosses the Atlantic Ocean to reach …

Flying fines

officials of London's Luton airport have decided to charge a fee from passengers to combat the detrimental impact of their flights on the atmosphere. Those boarding their flight from the airport, which is mainly used by low-cost and charter airlines, will have to pay up to us $4.24 depending on …

Low on self defence

the atmosphere can no more cleanse itself naturally as well as it used to. Its ability to do so has weakened over the past decade, possibly because of a change in the mix of pollutants emanating from industrialised nations, report us -based researchers. Atmospheric levels of the atmosphere's main cleansing …

Climate woes

The global average surface temperature rose by 0.6

In hot water

greenhouse gas emissions have caused the world's oceans to heat up significantly over the last 50 years, according to two latest studies. The Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian oceans have collectively warmed an average of 0.06

Compromising on climate

A new compromise proposal recently released by Jan Pronk, chairperson of climate change talks held in November 2000, offers too many sops to the us , perhaps in a bid to bring back the country into the loop. Pronk invited about 40 countries to informally discuss the new proposal in …

The impact of heat waves and cold spells on mortality rates in the Dutch population

We conducted the study described in this paper to investigate the impact of ambient temperature on mortality in the Netherlands during 1979-1997, the impact of heat waves and cold spells on mortality in particular, and the possibility of any heat wave- or cold spell-induced forward displacement of mortality. We found …

Suffering from myopia

as our atmosphere continues to heat up, bringing increasingly costly and traumatic floods, drought and storm

No laughing matter

an unknown reservoir of nitrous oxide, a potent greenhouse gas, has been found within the coastal waters of the Arabian Sea bordering India's west coast. This was discovered by scientists at the National Institute of Oceanography, Goa. The discovery of the nitrous oxide reserve, commonly known as laughing gas, could …

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