Atmosphere

Greenhouse Gas bulletin: the state of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere based on global observations through 2022

Greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere hit new record highs in 2022, with no end in sight to the rising trend, according to this new report by the World Meteorological Organisation (WMO). This Bulletin represents the latest analysis of observations from the WMO GAW Programme. It shows globally averaged surface …

July 2016 was world's hottest month since records began, says Nasa

Nasa’s results, which combine sea-surface temperature and air temperature on land, show July was 10th month in a row to break monthly temperature record Last month was the hottest month in recorded history, beating the record set just 12 months before and continuing the long string of monthly records, according …

India was part of Antarctica billion years ago

Geologists have found evidence supporting the hypothesis that Indian subcontinent was part of Antarctica a billion years ago but were separated and re-united several times due to tectonic movement of plates before the evolution of mankind. A group of geologists from India and Switzerland researching on evolution of the Earth's …

Indian weather office retains forecast of above-average monsoon

India's weather office on Monday retained its forecast for an above-average monsoon this year, boosting hopes of a rise in farm output and income after two years of drought. The June-September monsoon rains, crucial for India's farm sector, will be 106 percent of a long-period average, the weather office said. …

State of the Climate in 2015

The State of the Climate report series is the authoritative annual summary of the global climate. Published in the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, the report is edited by scientists at NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information. The 2015 report is based on contributions from more than 450 scientists …

Weaker La Nina event expected this year, WMO says

A La Nina event, which affects rainfall and temperatures in the tropics, may develop in the third quarter of the year but it is likely to be weak and far less intense that El Nino that ended in May, the United Nations weather agency said on Thursday. La Nina cools …

Simple and approximate upper-limit estimation of future precipitation return-values

We present estimates for an upper limit for twenty-year return-values for 24-hr precipitation at different locations in Europe and a crude method to quantify bounds of likely intervals. Our results suggest an increase by as much as 40–50 % projected for 2100, assuming a high emission scenario, RCP8.5. The new …

Britain to have cooler than usual Aug-Oct : The Weather Company

Below-normal temperatures are expected in Britain and parts of Norway, France and Germany from August to October, with higher than average temperatures across the rest of Europe, The Weather Company said on Monday. "As with many recent summers during the past decade, North Atlantic blocking has become the dominant player …

Japan to see warmer weather during August-October

Japan will see mostly warmer weather from August to October, the official forecaster said on Monday. Eastern Japan, including the most densely populated Tokyo area, will have a 50 percent chance of hotter-than-average temperatures for the period, the Japan Meteorological Agency said in its monthly three-month forecast.

Hell on Earth' in the Middle East, Hottest Temperature Recorded

DEAD SEA, ISRAEL - JULY 16: (ISRAEL OUT) Visiting tourists covered with rejuvenating mineral mud relax during a hot summer's day July 16, 2007 at the Dead Sea in southern Israel. "Hell on Earth" has been recorded in a small region of Kuwait in the Middle East. The temperature recorded …

State of the climate: global analysis for June 2016

June marks 14 consecutive months of record heat for the globe. Average sea surface temperature was also record high, Persistent heat on land and in the sea this June shattered records, yet again. June 2016 was 1.62 degrees F above the 20th century average, breaking last year’s record for the …

Is land surface processes representation a possible weak link in current Regional Climate Models?

The representation of land surface processes and fluxes in climate models critically affects the simulation of near-surface climate over land. Here we present an evaluation of COSMO-CLM2, a model which couples the COSMO-CLM Regional Climate Model to the Community Land Model (CLM4.0). CLM4.0 provides a more detailed representation of land …

It was the hottest day of the year in the UK and Brits could not cope

London: Britain has sweltered through the hottest day of the year so far, with temperatures soaring to 35 degrees in parts of the country. The Met Office declared a Level 3 heatwave alert, and sweaty, panicked crowds flocked to parks across London to strip off and soak up the warmth. …

Effect of tropical cyclones on the stratosphere–troposphere exchange observed using satellite observations over the north Indian Ocean

Tropical cyclones play an important role in modifying the tropopause structure and dynamics as well as stratosphere–troposphere exchange (STE) processes in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) region. In the present study, the impact of cyclones that occurred over the north Indian Ocean during 2007–2013 on the STE processes …

Global warming is shifting Earth's clouds, study shows

The reaction of clouds to a warming atmosphere has been one of the major sources of uncertainty in estimating exactly how much the world will heat up from the accumulation of greenhouse gases, as some changes would enhance warming, while others would counteract it. The study, detailed Monday in the …

Decadal variability of tropical tropopause temperature and its relationship to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation

Tropopause temperatures (TPTs) control the amount of stratospheric water vapour, which influences chemistry, radiation and circulation in the stratosphere, and is also an important driver of surface climate. Decadal variability and long-term trends in tropical TPTs as well as stratospheric water vapour are largely unknown. Here, we present for the …

Climate change causing clouds to rise higher in the sky and move towards poles

Clouds are moving towards the poles and getting higher in the sky as the planet warms, according to a new study that confirms predictions made by climate models for the first time. The researchers said the trend was partly caused by greenhouse gas emissions and was likely to continue – …

The first water clouds are found outside our solar system — around a failed star

For the first time, on the dimly glowing remnants of a failed star mere light-years from Earth, scientists have found evidence of water clouds beyond our solar system. The clouds belong to a brown dwarf called WISE 0855, a celestial body five times as big as Jupiter and 7.2 light-years …

Variations in the cloud-base height over the central Himalayas during GVAX: association with the monsoon rainfall

We present the measurements of cloud-base height variations over Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Science, Nainital (79.45E, 29.37N, 1958 m amsl) obtained from Vaisala Ceilometer, during the nearly year-long Ganges Valley Aerosol Experiment (GVAX). The cloud-base measurements are analysed in conjunction with collocated measurements of rainfall, to study the possible …

Spring-time enhancement in aerosol burden over a high-altitude location in western trans-Himalaya: results from long-term observations

Long-term measurements (from August 2009 to December 2014) of aerosol black carbon mass concentration (MBC) and spectral aerosol optical depth (AOD) were carried out from a high-altitude location, Hanle in western trans-Himalaya as part of the Regional Aerosol Warming Experiment. Original Source

Air pollution hampers bees' ability to forage

Air pollutants interact with and break down plant-emitted scent molecules, which insect pollinators such as bees use to locate needed food, says a new study. The pollution-modified plant odours can confuse bees and, as a result, bees' foraging time increases and pollination efficiency decreases, the study said. This happens because …

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