Health

World health statistics 2025: Monitoring health for the SDGs, Sustainable Development Goals

WHO published its World health statistics report 2025, revealing the deeper health impacts caused by the COVID-19 pandemic on loss of lives, longevity and overall health and well-being. In just two years, between 2019 and 2021, global life expectancy fell by 1.8 years—the largest drop in recent history— reversing a …

Heat and health in the WHO European Region: updated evidence for effective prevention

The WHO Regional Office for Europe published guidance on heat–health action planning in 2008, and intends to update this to include the latest evidence. An in-depth review was initiated, based on recent epidemiological and environmental research and lessons learned from implementation in practice. This publication collates and summarizes the most …

Mainstreaming climate adaptation planning and action into health systems in Fiji, Ghana, and Benin

Climate change is impacting human health and straining heavily burdened health services everywhere. Recognition of the linkages between climate change and health systems, such as shifts in vector-borne diseases and decreased access to services, is growing, yet many countries are still struggling both to mainstream, or integrate, climate adaptation into …

A hidden cost: the pandemic’s impact on nutrition

This brief’s focus is solely on core nutrition specific interventions for pregnant women, lactating mothers, and children under six years of age. These address the immediate determinants of fetal and child nutrition and development. Nutrition-sensitive interventions are discussed where relevant.

An assessment of the socio-economic impact of COVID-19 in Seychelles

This report presents an initial assessment of the social and economic impact of Covid-19 on Seychelles. It has been prepared in line with the UN Secretary General’s recommendation of extending UN support to national Covid-19 responses. The report is aimed at stimulating policy debate on recovery and building a resilient …

Confronting the plastic pollution pandemic

Fossil fuel-based plastic is a ubiquitous commodity, which disintegrates over hundreds of years but never fully degrades. The United Nations has taken notable measures to address plastic pollution since 2012. The orld should carefully weigh the advantages and drawbacks of a proposed new global treaty on plastic pollution. Without addressing …

Technology and data governance in cities: Indian cities at the forefront of the fight against COVID-19

As a second wave of COVID-19 causes further economic and social disruption, smart data-driven cities, powered by smart infrastructure and solutions, are using data analytics and predictive modelling to help shape their pandemic response to limit the loss of human life and minimize economic disruption. This report presents the ways …

Health risks caused by environmental noise in Europe

This briefing assesses the health risks due to exposure to environmental noise in Europe using three indicators to measure, monitor and communicate the impacts of noise pollution on health: (1) exposure to noise above recommended levels established by the World Health Organization; (2) number of people suffering health effects from …

Nutrition Critical: Why we must act now to tackle child malnutrition

This report comes at a critical moment. 2021 will be a Nutrition for Growth ‘year of action’. It will offer multiple opportunities for governments, donors, the United Nations (UN) and other multilateral agencies, NGOs and businesses and leaders around the world to build momentum, make sure nutrition is high on …

Global progress report on water, sanitation and hygiene in health care facilities

The report identifies major global gaps in WASH services: one third of health care facilities do not have what is needed to clean hands where care is provided; one in four facilities have no water services, and 10% have no sanitation services. This means that 1.8 billion people use facilities …

Vision 2035: Public Health Surveillance in India

‘Vision 2035: Public Health Surveillance in India’is a continuation of the work on health systems strengthening. It contributes by suggesting mainstreaming of surveillance by making individual electronic health records the basis for surveillance. Public health surveillance (PHS) is an important function that cuts across primary, secondary, and tertiary levels of …

National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5) 2019-20: Key Indicators for 22 States/UTs from Phase – 1

The National Family Health Surveys (NFHS) conducted under the aegis of the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare has played a crucial role in providing the Govemment of India and the stakeholders with reliable inputs to monitor the progress of various flagship programmes as well as the vision of the …

NDC update report::come together - raising climate ambition in the first NDC update cycle amidst a global health crisis

The 2020 NDC Update report discusses countries’ preparedness to ratchet up ambition in the first NDC update cycle amidst a global health crisis. Based on the survey of 98 policy makers and experts involved in NDC planning and implementation from 83 countries, discuss the progress of NDC implementation since 2015, …

COVID19, the environment, and food systems: contain, cope and rebuild better

The COVID-19 pandemic is increasing poverty and threatening food security. Governments around the world have already invested more than $12 trillion to counteract the economic effects of COVID-19. This investment could contribute to progress on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), but initial analysis indicates that investments for economic recovery do …

Laboratory results of honey testing

It is a food fraud more nefarious and more sophisticated than what we found in our 2003 and 2006 investigations into soft drinks; more damaging to our health than perhaps anything that we have found till now – keeping in mind the fact that we are still fighting against a …

Achieving nutritional security in India: Vision 2030

Globally, there were 809.9 million undernourished people, of which 194.4 million people (24 per cent) were in India in 2016-18. India had around 30.9 per cent (46 millions) of the world’s stunted children under five years of age and 50.9 per cent (25.2 million) of the world’s wasted children in …

The effects of COVID-19 policies on livelihoods and food security of smallholder farm households in Nigeria

The Government’s policy measures such as travel restrictions, lockdowns, and restrictions on economic and social activities, aimed at curbing the spread of COVID-19, had affected the livelihoods and food security of smallholders in Nigeria. Using data collected from sample households from four Nigerian states, this study investigated the effects of …

Foodborne disease in Kenya: County-level cost estimates and the case for greater public investment

The right to safe food is enshrined in the Kenyan constitution. Through their jurisdiction over matters of agriculture – specifically crop and animal husbandry, abattoirs, and veterinary services – and health, including the licensing and control of undertakings that sell food to the public, county governments in Kenya have a …

Take home rations (THR) and cash transfers for maternal and child nutrition: A synthesis of evidence in India

Devoting public resources to reducing micronutrient deficiencies in children is essential for improved health, and is associated with large economic returns in the long-run through better productivity, lower health costs, and intergenerational transmission of these benefits. The Government of India has a long history of interventions focused on maternal and …

WHO methods and data sources for global burden of disease estimates 2000-2019

WHO’s Global Health Estimates present comprehensive and comparable time-series data from 2000 onwards for health-related indicators, including life expectancy, healthy life expectancy, mortality and morbidity, as well as burden of diseases at global, regional and country levels, disaggregated by age, sex and cause. They are produced using data from multiple …

Between a rock and a hard place: early experience of migration challenges under the Covid-19 pandemic

This working paper was produced under the European Union Horizon 2020 funded AGRUMIG project and traces the impact of Covid-19 on migration trends in seven project countries – China, Ethiopia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Morocco, Nepal and Thailand. The context of global migration has changed dramatically due to the coronavirus pandemic. Both …

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