Climate Agreements

Sub-Saharan Africa’s Economic Outlook 2025: Navigating Uncertainty and Aligning Policy for Sustainable Recovery

The IMF’s April 2025 Regional Economic Outlook for Sub-Saharan Africa presents a clear warning: regional growth is slowing, debt pressures are mounting, and donor assistance is declining. Yet the report outlines critical opportunities particularly in domestic revenue mobilization, structural reform, and private sector activation that can shape a more resilient …

Washout in Lima

Centre for Science and Environment says the conference’s decisions will not result in a climate deal in 2015 Bad for India. Global warming will increase, India may see more extreme weather events which will affect its poor more Lima, December 14, 2014: ‘Lima Call to Climate Action’ is a major …

Report of the Ad Hoc Working Group on the Durban Platform for Enhanced Action

In 2014 the Ad Hoc Working Group on the Durban Platform for Enhanced Action undertook technical expert meetings on renewable energy, energy efficiency, land-use change and forestry (including REDD-plus), urban environments, carbon dioxide capture use and storage and non CO2 greenhouse gases.

The Lima Climate Talks: Why agreement is proving so difficult and what to do about it

The climate talks in Lima are proving to be so difficult because the issue before the negotiators is whether the Climate Treaty of 1992 needs to be tweaked to take into account the changed context, or whether a new treaty is needed.

Breaking the Standoff: Post-2020 climate finance in the Paris agreement

Climate finance is fundamental to a fair and effective global climate agreement. Too few countries have delivered on their obligations. As a result, the world’s poorest people have not benefitted from the necessary investment, and climate finance has been a major obstacle to achieving a global climate change agreement. This …

Climate finance: is it making a difference?

International efforts to tackle climate change are at a critical juncture. At the end of 2015 governments will gather at the Paris climate summit to frame a new international agreement aimed at preventing ‘dangerous climate change’. Achieving that goal requires a high level of ambition backed by practical policy commitments. …

Taming the beasts of ‘burden-sharing’: an analysis of equitable mitigation actions and approaches to 2030 mitigation pledges

This paper seeks to contribute to a re-framing of the debate on the equitability and ambition of actions to address climate change. It examines a sample of seven ‘burden-sharing’ approaches to setting mitigation targets which have been proposed during discussions about a new international agreement on climate change. The paper …

What to expect at Peru

The negotiating platforms at Peru: Different bodies are mandated to negotiate for different elements under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).

Question raised in Lok Sabha on global effort on climate change, 26/11/2014

Question raised in Lok Sabha on global effort on climate change, 26/11/2014.

U.S.-China Climate Agreement Won’t Slow Warming Enough, World Bank Says

An agreement between the U.S. and China to curb greenhouse-gas emissions won’t slow global warming enough to prevent extreme weather that damages crops, World Bank Group President Jim Yong Kim said. President Barack Obama committed the U.S. to cut emissions more quickly under the deal, announced Nov. 12 in Beijing …

The way forward: five key actions to achieve a low-carbon energy sector

The International Energy Agency (IEA) laid out five actions needed over the short- and long-term to achieve a low-carbon energy sector, and proposed concrete options for their implementation in the international climate negotiations to be held next month in Lima, Peru. Energy accounts for two-thirds of global greenhouse gas emissions, …

CSE calls for a global climate deal based on equity and fairness

Sunita Narain, Director General, Centre for Science for Environment (CSE) calls for a global climate deal based on equity and fairness at the CSE global media briefing workshop that began today in New Delhi. Over 100 journalists from India, South Asia, Africa and the Latin America are participating in this …

Climate change: facts and politics; science and art; present and future

Presentation by Sunita Narain, Director General, CSE at "CSE Annual Media Briefing on Climate Change, 2014" held in New Delhi from November 6-7, 2014.

The status of climate finance at COP 20, Lima

This guide provides negotiators with a synopsis of the key climate finance discussions undertaken in 2014 under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). It aims to inform negotiators and stakeholders who are interested in the different climate finance agenda items and deliverables at the 20th Conference of …

Lima: paving the way to success in Paris

At the end of 2015, in Paris, parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) will lay the foundation for climate action in a post-2020 world by adopting a new, universal and legally binding agreement. But the event that will be a key determinant of success in …

The role of the 2015 agreement in mobilising climate finance

This paper explores the possible role of the 2015 agreement in promoting further mobilisation of climate finance for developing countries in the post-2020 period. Any finance related provisions in the new agreement therefore need to facilitate such a mobilisation, and also need to be dynamic enough to reflect the evolving …

Race to the top: driving ambition in the Post-2020 international climate agreement

In December 2015, countries are scheduled to conclude negotiations on a new international climate agreement under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) to address how to shift the world’s economy onto a low-carbon and climate-resilient pathway in a manner that is ambitious, equitable, and transparent. An approach to …

Alternative models for the 2015 climate change agreement

A primary goal of the Durban Platform negotiations should be to develop an agreement that will maximize reductions in greenhouse gas emissions over time. Achieving this objective will be a function of not only the ambition of the 2015 agreement, but also the levels of participation and compliance by states. …

This time is different: the prospects for an effective climate agreement in Paris 2015

The purpose of this paper is twofold: (i) to provide a theoretical framework for analysing international climate policy architectures and their effectiveness, covering each of these elements and issues, drawing on the relevant academic literature; and (ii) to apply insights from this discussion to the anticipated policy architecture of the …

A handbook of climate finance in India

This handbook, a cooperation project of the Vasudha Foundation India and the Heinrich Boell Foundation offices in India and North America, has been designed as a guide for civil society groups and other stakeholders in India to understand the various issues around climate finance needs and flows, specific to the …

China pins high hopes on reaching global climate deal in 2015

China pins high hopes on a new global climate change pact to be reached late next year, said China's chief climate negotiator Xie Zhenhua Tuesday. Xie made the remarks on the sidelines of the UN Climate Summit, a one-day meeting aimed at building momentum for the new global accord to …

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