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Organophosphates
Organophosphate insecticide metabolites in prenatal and childhood urine samples and intelligence scores at 6 years of age: Results from the Mother-Child PELAGIE Cohort (France)
Several studies suggest that exposure to organophosphate insecticides (OP) during pregnancy impairs neurodevelopment in children. The researchers evaluated associations between biomarkers of prenatal and postnatal OP exposure and cognitive function of 6-year-olds in a French longitudinal birth cohort. Original SourceOrganophosphate insecticide metabolites in prenatal and childhood urine samples and intelligence scores at 6 years of age: Results from the Mother-Child PELAGIE Cohort (France)
Several studies suggest that exposure to organophosphate insecticides (OP) during pregnancy impairs neurodevelopment in children. The researchers evaluated associations between biomarkers of prenatal and postnatal OP exposure and cognitive function of 6-year-olds in a French longitudinal birth cohort. Original SourceEffect of organic diet intervention on pesticide exposures in young children living in low-income urban and agricultural communities
Recent organic diet intervention studies suggest that diet is a significant source of pesticide exposure in young children. These studies have focused on children living in suburban communities. The objective of the study was to determine whether consuming an organic diet reduced urinary pesticide metabolite concentrations in 40 Mexican-American children, …Early-life exposure to organophosphate pesticides and pediatric respiratory symptoms in the CHAMACOS cohort
Although pesticide use is widespread, the possible effect of early-life exposure to organophosphate (OP) on pediatric respiratory health is not well described. The researchers investigated the relationship between early-life exposure to OPs and respiratory outcomes.E-way to keep Uttar Pradesh mining mafia at bay
Uttar Pradesh, which has about 4,000 mines of coal, silica, bauxite and granite – mostly in Bundelkhand region, has mandated e-tendering for future allotment of mining leases in the state. This step is aimed at preventing hitherto rampant illegal mining and ushering transparency in allotment of mining leases. Under the …Effect of insecticide resistance on development, longevity and reproduction of field or laboratory selected Aedes aegypti populations
Aedes aegypti dispersion is the major reason for the increase in dengue transmission in South America. In Brazil, control of this mosquito strongly relies on the use of pyrethroids and organophosphates against adults and larvae, respectively. In consequence, many Ae. aegypti field populations are resistant to these compounds. Resistance has …Assessing childrens dietary pesticide exposure: Direct measurement of pesticide residues in 24-hr duplicate food samples
In response to calls for more direct measurements of pesticide residues in foods consumed by children, and to compare direct measures of pesticide residues in foods representing actual consumption with those reported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Pesticide Data Program, Lu et al. measured pesticide residues in 239 24-hr …Reducing the human and environmental risks of obsolete pesticides
Obsolete pesticide stocks have accumulated in most of the worldPesticides in agriculture A boon or a curse? A case study of Kerala
This paper analyses the pesticide use pattern in agriculture and associated management system in Kerala. The recent declining rate in total consumption of pesticides is not a sign of relief as the use of harmful chemicals is rising. The pesticides used in agriculture include chemicals, which are banned and those …Neurobehavioral deficits and increased blood pressure in school-age children prenatally exposed to pesticides
Long-term neurotoxicity risks resulting from prenatal exposures to pesticides are uncertain, but a previous study of Ecuadorian schoolchildren suggested that blood pressure and visuospatial processing may be vulnerable to these exposures. Harari et al. conducted a cross-sectional study of cardiovascular and neurobehavioral functions among 84 Ecuadorian children 6Organophosphorus pesticides decrease M2 muscarinic receptor function in guinea pig airway nerves via indirect mechanisms
Epidemiological studies link organophosphorus pesticide (OP) exposures to asthma, and we have shown that the OPs chlorpyrifos, diazinon and parathion cause airway hyperreactivity in guinea pigs 24 hr after a single subcutaneous injection. OP-induced airway hyperreactivity involves M2 muscarinic receptor dysfunction on airway nerves independent of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition, but …House dust concentrations of organophosphate flame retardants in relation to hormone levels and semen quality parameters
Use of environmentally persistent polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants has been reduced because of concerns about health effects, but potential health effects of organophosphate (OP) flame retardants used as alternatives to PBDEs have not been extensively investigated, despite evidence of widespread human exposure. Meeker and Stapleton (p. 318) measured …Control of pyrethroid and DDT-resistant Anopheles gambiae by application of indoor residual spraying or mosquito nets treated
Scaling up of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) with support from the Global Fund and PresidentNeonatal organophosphorus pesticide exposure alters the developmental trajectory of cell-signaling cascades controlling metaboli
Recent studies have indicated that organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) may disrupt metabolism by altering the expression or function of adenylyl cyclase (AC; the enzyme that catalyzes the formation of cAMP from ATP) or G-proteincoupled receptors and G-proteins involved in the AC signaling cascade. Such actions may alter hepatic and cardiac development …A study on oxidative stress and antioxidant status of agricultural workers exposed to organophosphorus insecticides during spray
Oxidative stress status and Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity were studied in blood samples obtained from 61 agricultural workers engaged in spraying organophosphorus (OP) insecticides in the mango plantation, with a minimum work history of one year, in the age range of 12-55 years. Controls were age-matched, unexposed workers, who never had …About the pesticide
Organophosphates include insecticides like malathion, parathion and fenthion, which are widely used in developing countries like India. The pesticides inhibit the activity of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. The enzyme breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which transmits impulses from brain and to the body. Breakdown of acetylcholine signifies the end of a …Which ones the poison?
More studies needed on pralidoxime, a drug used to treat pesticide poisoning a team of two drugs is prescribed by who to combat organophosphorous pesticide poisoning. The most widely used class of pesticides, it causes about 200,000 deaths each year, globally. Now, one of the two drugs has come under …Flour with pesticide caused death of three children
AHMEDABAD: It was rotla poisoning that killed three children in Chainpura, Ranip on Wednesday. Investigations have revealed that bajra rotlas served to the affected children were made of flour that contained crushed pesticide tablets. The death toll rose to three on Thursday when two more children of Chainpura succumbed to …Maximum residue limits (MRLs) for pesticides registered for use on Australian almonds
This information bulletin provides a list of maximum residue limits (MRLs) for pesticides registered for use in Australian on almonds. Listed in the table are MRLs for Australia, as established by Food Standards Australia New Zealand and a number of countries to which Australian almonds are exported as at March …Pesticide causes blindness in fish in Punjab
carp, the freshwater fish species, are going blind in Punjab. The reason, a study reveals, is a pesticide used in rice fields nearby. Monocrotophos, the pesticide, causes a cataract-like condition reducing the economic value of the fish, said Punjab University researchers who carried out the study. The study was initiated …Induced eye lens cataract in Cyprinus carpio communis upon exposure to monocrotophos, an organophosphate
The present studies are based on the feedback provided by Punjab fish farmers practising composite fish culture of Indian major and exotic carps. According to them, during the southwest monsoon, in ponds in the vicinity of toxicant (monocrotophos)-treated paddy fields, the eye lens of most of the culturable fishes became …
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