Community Forest Management (CFM)

Order of the National Green Tribunal regarding large scale felling of toddy yielding palm trees in Bihar, 05/06/2025

Order of the National Green Tribunal in the matter of In Re: News Item titled "Are missing palm trees causing more lighting deaths in Bihar appearing in ‘The Times of India’ dated 29.05.2025". The original application was registered suo-motu based on the news item titled "Are missing palm trees causing …

Promise and performance: 10 years of Forests Rights Act in India

This report seeks to highlight the potential of FRA, assess its achievements, identify the bottlenecks, and find the ways forward. Its objectives are to: Make a quantitative estimate of forest land that has the potential to be recognized as CFR area, and compare it to the actual forest area recognized …

Promise and performance of the Forest Rights Act, 2006: Odisha report

This study makes a preliminary assessment of the potential forest area over which rights can be recognised in Odisha under the FRA. The estimate offers a baseline for informing implementation, planning, and setting targets for rights recognition under the FRA. It also allows the government, policy makers, and forest-dependent communities …

Decade zero: demanding rapid and bold action to address the root causes of climate change

In this paper, Friends of the Earth International outlines the current climate science and the need for equity, fairness and justice in how we take action. It highlight how people are impacted by climate change, by dirty energy and by so- called false solutions which pretend to address the climate …

Climate change vulnerability assessment report: developing a demonstration site in Nepal on community forestry, gender and climate change adaptation

The Asia-Pacific region has some of the highest absolute numbers of people dependent on forests for significant portions of their livelihoods, and also stands to suffer some of the greatest expected economic and loss of human life as a result of adverse climate change impacts. In numerous sites across the …

Strengthening communities to claim community forest rights in Chhattisgarh

Oxfam India is part of a global movement working to fight poverty, injustice and inequality. In India, it works in six states. Oxfam India’s programme on Fair Sharing of Natural Resources is aimed at marginalised communities to realise their rights through rightful access, control and sustainable management of natural resources, …

Conservation effectiveness across state and community forests: the case of Jaintia Hills, Meghalaya, India

Despite decades of concerted global conservation efforts, biodiversity loss continues unabated, making it important to assess the effectiveness of conservation approaches. Using forest cover as a proxy for conservation effectiveness, we analysed land-use and land-cover changes across a community and a state forest of Jaintia Hills, Meghalaya, India. Forest losses …

Transforming Asia scaling up the solution

Friends of the Earth groups are building a more just and sustainable Asia. The report "Transforming Asia; Scaling up the solutions" highlights some of the innovative and transformational solutions underway; from community forest management in Indonesia to building solar cooperatives in South Korea, and winning the legal right to food …

Benefits of Community Forest Management in Madagascar not evenly distributed: report

The benefits of community-based forestry are well known. A 2014 study by the World Resources Institute, for instance, showed that deforestation rates were as much as 11 times lower in forests licensed to local communities. Madagascar became one of the first countries in the southern hemisphere to adopt the legal …

Draft National Forest Policy, 2016

The Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) has released the draft of India’s new National Forest Policy (NFP), proposing the levy of a green tax. It has also touched upon the contentious issue of human-animal conflict. The government has made public its draft National Forest Policy, to replace the one …

Tribals present forest management plan

Forest dwellers inside Odisha’s Similipal Tiger Reserve (STR) have put forward their own Community Forest Resource Management and Conservation (CFRMC) plan for vast forest stretches. Campaigners advocating implementation of the Forest Rights Act say villagers’ plan submitted to the Mayurbhanj district administration last week will now be the basis of …

Forty years of community-based forestry: a review of its extent and effectiveness

Community-based forestry has shown itself to be a potent vehicle for promoting sustainable forest management, reducing poverty and generating jobs and income for rural communities, but unlocking its true potential will require greater support by governments through policy reforms and other measures. Many community-based forestry regimes are showing great promise …

Recognition & mapping of community forest resources rights

Forest Rights Act 2006 recognizes and vests forest rights to the scheduled tribes and other traditional forest dwellers who have been residing in forests in generations but whose rights could not be recorded. The law provides for a framework for recording of the forest rights so vested and the nature …

Synergies between climate mitigation and adaptation in forest landscape restoration

This study entails extensive literature review of linkages between adaptation and mitigation at the global policy level, through analysis of relevant policies and protocols in the context of climate change in general and forest landscape restoration (FLR) in particular. This is followed by literature review regarding the current discourse and …

Implementing the Forest Rights Act: lack of political will?

Historically, usage and access of forest resources by India’s Adivasi community and other forest dwellers have been considered as encroachment and their efforts of forest land acquisition have been used as evidence of their anti-development attitude. Government policy has continued to deny them legal rights to use, manage and conserve …

Regenerating forests and livelihoods in Nepal : a new lease on life

This book seeks to capture the leasehold forestry experience, with a special focus on the Leasehold Forestry and Livestock Programme, which has been a critical part of the leasehold forestry experience in Nepal. It will describe the origins and evolution of the various leasehold forestry programmes and projects that have …

Question raised in Lok Sabha on community forest management, 28/07/2015

Question raised in Lok Sabha on community forest management, 28/07/2015. The local communities are involved in the forest management through the Joint Forest Management (JFM) wherein the State forest department and the local communities enter into a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to jointly manage the forest area. The Ministry of …

Potential for recognition of Community Forest Resource Rights under India’s Forest Rights Act

The implementation of Community Forest (CF) rights and Community Forest Resource (CFR) rights under the Forest Rights Act 2006 (FRA) can transform forest governance and rural livelihoods in India. The recognition of CF/CFR Rights under the FRA provides the Indian state with a historic opportunity to implement the largest land …

Building climate equity: creating a new approach from the ground up

For more than two decades, crafting global actions that all nations believe to be equitable has been a central challenge for international climate policy. A new approach is required to resolve this challenge. Building on the experiences of 23 countries, this report demonstrates that climate action and equity can be …

Andhra Pradesh state of forest report 2014

The Andhra Pradesh State of Forest Report gives a detailed view of the health of notified forests in the State on annual basis. State Forest Report 2014 is the fifth report in the series. It gives precise locations of the forest cover changes, assessed using LISS III data of 2011 …

Securing rights, combating climate change: how strengthening community forest rights mitigates climate change

Securing Rights, Combating Climate Change analyzes the growing body of evidence linking community forest rights with healthier forests and lower carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from deforestation and forest degradation. This report makes a strong case for strengthening the rights of indigenous and local communities over their forests as a policy …

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