Climate Agreements

Sub-Saharan Africa’s Economic Outlook 2025: Navigating Uncertainty and Aligning Policy for Sustainable Recovery

The IMF’s April 2025 Regional Economic Outlook for Sub-Saharan Africa presents a clear warning: regional growth is slowing, debt pressures are mounting, and donor assistance is declining. Yet the report outlines critical opportunities particularly in domestic revenue mobilization, structural reform, and private sector activation that can shape a more resilient …

Climate science supports youth protests

The campaign to support the protesters has been launched by an international group of 22 scientists spanning a range of disciplines; several of them are renowned climate specialists. They include Michael Mann, professor of atmospheric science at Penn State University, US, Kevin Anderson, professor of energy and climate change at …

New paper proposes a science-based ‘Global Deal for Nature’

A paper published in Science today outlines a new “Global Deal for Nature,” officially launching an effort to establish science-based conservation targets covering all of planet Earth, including terrestrial, freshwater, and marine ecosystems. The Global Deal for Nature proposes a target of 30 percent of the planet to be fully …

Australian insurer QBE to exit thermal coal over climate change

Australia’s QBE Insurance Group Ltd plans to stop offering new policies for thermal coal mines and coal-fired power stations to help encourage a low carbon economy and combat climate change. The country’s third-largest insurer said it aims to phase out all direct insurance services for thermal coal customers by 2030, …

SA faces hefty $124bn energy 'transition risk'

South Africa faces a "transition risk" of $124 billion between now and 2035 if it carries on with business as usual while the rest of the world cuts greenhouse gas emissions in line with the Paris Agreement. More than half of this would be borne by the government. This is …

Europe Leads The Way To 40% Below 1990 Levels By 2030

If the world fulfills the pledges made at COP 21 it might be possible to keep the rise of average global temperatures to between 3.3 and 3.8 degrees above 1990 levels, but this may be unattainable. CO2 emissions reached an all-time high, with an increase of close to 3%, in …

Building capacity for the Paris Agreement’s enhanced transparency framework: what can we learn from countries’ experiences and UNFCCC processes?

The Paris Agreement’s enhanced transparency framework places new and more stringent requirements on developing countries. For many countries, to implement these new requirements capacity-building support is vital. This new paper from the Project for Advancing Climate Transparency examines specifically how the new requirements have been enhanced, highlights the experiences of …

Achieving Paris climate target could net additional billions in fisheries revenue

Achieving the Paris Agreement global warming target could protect millions of tonnes in annual worldwide fisheries catch, as well as billions of dollars of annual revenues for fishers, workers' income and household seafood expenditures, according to new research from the University of British Columbia. The study, released today in Science …

Indian companies take bold emission reduction targets: CDP report

Top Indian companies have reaffirmed their commitment to fighting climate change by taking bold emission reduction targets and promoting renewable energy that has put the country on the path to achieving its global commitment well ahead of the Paris Agreement targets. This was the observation of Carbon Disclosure Project-India's (CDP) …

'Worried about climate change, but can't stop chartering private jets'

It forecast nearly 1,500 private jet flights over the week of the World Economic The Davos elite say they are more worried than ever about climate change. But that isn't stopping them chartering private jets in record numbers. The convenience and comfort of flying privately rather than commercially appears to …

Spain brings fresh impetus to climate fight after lost decade

Spain’s prime minister vowed on Friday to make up for a decade of inaction on climate change brought on by a harsh economic recession during which he said the country lost its passion and creativity to tackle the issue. Socialist leader Pedro Sanchez, who came into power in June, said …

Govt gives ex post fact approval to India's negotiating stand at Poland climate summit

The government Wednesday gave its ex post facto approval to India's negotiating stand at the recent climate change summit in Poland. The 24th Conference of Parties (COP) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) was held in Katowice in Poland during December 2-15 and the Indian delegation …

Advancing nationally determined contributions (NDCs) through climate-friendly refrigeration and air conditioning: guidance for policymakers

This guidance assists policymakers in designing national mitigation strategies for the refrigeration, air conditioning and foam (RAC&F;) sector to meet the increasing ambition levels expected in revised NDCs. By aligning efforts taken under the two relevant international regimes, the UNFCCC and the Montreal Protocol, the RAC&F; sector can make a …

Yearbook of global climate action 2018

The UNFCCC milestone publication highlight that success in tackling the global climate crisis can be achieved, but only if public and private sector actions are urgently stepped up. The Yearbook for Global Climate Action takes account of some 9,000 commitments – spanning cities, regions, businesses, investors and civil society – …

Operationalising an ‘overall mitigation in global emissions’ under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement

Article 6 of the Paris Agreement establishes a framework for international cooperation that enables countries to engage in international carbon market mechanisms. Article 6.4 establishes a new crediting mechanism with international oversight. A key requirement of this new mechanism is that it “shall aim to deliver an overall mitigation in …

Talanoa dialogue for climate ambition: synthesis report

The Synthesis Report was prepared using submissions to the Talanoa Portal which received a total of 471 inputs throughout the year, including notably the IPCC’s special report on the impacts of global warming of 1.5 degrees Celsius. It also drew from stories that were presented by government and non-government representatives …

From Paris to Beijing: Insights gained from the UNFCCC Paris Agreement for the post-2020 global biodiversity framework

Negotiations have started on a new global framework for biodiversity. In 2020, in Beijing, a new international biodiversity framework will be agreed under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). This policy brief provides relevant insights for the CBD negotiations gained from an analysis of the Paris Agreement. Three elements of …

Governing large-scale carbon dioxide removal: are we ready?

The IPCC SR 1.5°C bolsters the case for pursuing the lower end of the Paris Agreement’s temperature goal, and makes clear that it is no longer sufficient to reduce emissions alone – CO2 will also need to be removed from the atmosphere, on a scale never previously attempted. But is …

If China fails to phase out coal power, world will fail to contain dangerous climate change,says Report

Two-fifths of China's coal power stations are loss-making and owners could save nearly $390 billion by closing plants in line with the Paris Climate Agreement, financial think-tank Carbon Tracker said on Thursday. The think tank undertook the first study to use satellite images to assess the everyday use and profitability …

The future role of the Adaptation Fund in the international climate finance architecture

Parties will take important decisions about the future of the Adaptation Fund at COP 24 in Katowice, Poland. This paper provides recommendations for those negotiations specifically regarding the Fund’s operating modalities including future mobilisation of sources of finance; safeguards; and governance.

Aligning investments with the temperature goal of the Paris agreement: challenges and opportunities for Multilateral Development Banks

This working paper assesses how Multilateral Development Banks can support the global temperature goal of the Paris Agreement. It illustrates how the banks could strengthen existing tools to align their portfolios and activities with the globally agreed mitigation goal. Other finance institutions can also profit from many of the approaches …

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