This report summarizes the findings of a review aimed at understanding emerging approaches to energy subsidy reform, discerning trends, and identifying major strands of thinking and research in the field, as reflected in major policy and academic journals relevant to the subject. The review was initiated in early 2020 as …
The global liquefied natural gas (LNG) industry has pinned its long-term hopes for growth on emerging markets in China, South Asia, and Southeast Asia. But this new IEEFA report finds that sustained high prices over the past year have eroded the economic case for LNG and hurt LNG sales in …
Direct Benefit Transfer is a major reform initiative by the Government of India to ensure better and timely delivery of benefits from Government to the people. This marks a paradigm- shift in the process of delivering benefits like wage payments, fuel subsidies, food grain subsidies directly into the bank accounts …
The Parliamentary Standing Committee on Energy, in its 26th report presented to the Lok Sabha, suggested amending the current tariff policy to cut down the generation cost and supply affordable electricity to consumers. The parliamentary standing committee on energy, suggested amending the current tariff policy to cut down the generation …
This paper analyses environmental regulation under corruption and explores the possibility to attain the first best – ‘no corruption and no pollution’, with a special focus on implications of non-monetary incentives for firms to adapt green technology. It first demonstrates that (a) the effect of corruption control policies on the …
Fuel subsidies are one of the most common types of government support to the fisheries sector. This brief presents an overview of fuel subsidies to marine fisheries in India, explains why such measures can be risky from a sustainability perspective, and highlights how possible reform could be informed by India's …
The ripple effects of the war in Ukraine have disrupted energy and food markets. Among many other factors, supply chain disruptions and price spikes in key commodities have been pushing the world towards a precarious inflationary surge. This will have immediate and devastating effects on household welfare—with those in poverty …
This report examines the possible financial implications of phasing out fossil fuels in six emerging economies based on scenarios published by the International Energy Agency in its 2021 World Energy Outlook and suggests strategies for managing the transition. To comply with the Paris Agreement, the world will have to phase …
This study, in collaboration with the International Institute for Sustainable Development, aims to improve transparency, create accountability and encourage a responsible shift away from fossil fuels and towards clean energy. The report provides an updated assessment of public resources that support fossil fuels, renewables, and electric vehicles. The study also …
This study, in collaboration with the International Institute for Sustainable Development, aims to improve transparency, create accountability and encourage a responsible shift away from fossil fuels and towards clean energy. The report provides an updated assessment of public resources that support fossil fuels, renewables, and electric vehicles. The study also …
Meeting India’s short- and long-term climate commitments made at COP26 entails a complete economic transformation, which can have considerable developmental tradeoffs. Many long-term energy and climate models that project low-carbon pathways for the country consider the gross domestic product (GDP) to be exogenously driving growth in various sectors. However, low-carbon …
Based on a survey of 1,600 farmers in Haryana, this report finds that agricultural electricity subsidies are not well targeted and that wealthier farmers in Haryana received 50% of the agricultural electricity subsidies while the poorest farmers only received 30%. Improving subsidy targeting can allow for subsidies to be better …
The paper presents estimates of poverty [extreme poverty PPP$1.9 and PPP$3.2] and consumption inequality in India for each of the years 2004-5 through the pandemic year 2020-21. These estimates include, for the first time, the effect of in-kind food subsides on poverty and inequality. Extreme poverty was as low as …
According to latest data from the OECD and the IEA, government support for the production and use of fossil fuels across 81 major economies totalled USD 351 billion in 2020, amounting to USD 183 billion across 50 OECD, G20, and Eastern Partnership economies. While the difficulty of reform is evident …
This report aims to assist the South African government by identifying whether or not its energy fiscal policies are aligned with its stated objectives for the energy sector. Fiscal policies denote broad government spending, including subsidies, taxes, and grants. As such, the report is a tool to support government and …
Tax policy can be designed to spur both the deployment of electric vehicles (EVs) and improvements in the fuel efficiency of internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles. This paper focuses on national-level taxation and subsidy policies for passenger vehicles across 18 Asian and Asia-Pacific countries and compares the consumer ownership costs …
This study develops a computable general equilibrium model for Nigeria, which accounts for informality, tax evasion, and fuel smuggling. By studying the impact of fuel subsidy reform on consumption, tax incidence, and fiscal efficiency, it shows that the presence of illicit activities substantially strengthens the argument in favour of subsidy …
This book documents the productivity trends in Sub-Saharan Africa in three different dimensions, assessing productivity at the aggregate level, the sectoral level, and the establishment level. It characterizes the evolution of productivity in the region relative to other countries and regions, as well as country groups in Africa, classified by …
Removing fossil fuel subsidies is key to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and limit climate change. However, if poorly planned, fossil fuel subsidy reform can lead to price increases that could impact the poorest and trigger social unrest. Beyond being environmentally impactful, such reforms must be socially and economically fair to …
Urbanization is happening differently today than in the past and occurring most rapidly in places with the fewest resources. Traditional approaches are not able to keep up, leaving billions of people with poor access to basic necessities, dragging down economies and damaging the environment. This synthesis report of the Towards …
This paper provides a comprehensive global, regional, and country-level update of: (i) efficient fossil fuel prices to reflect supply and environmental costs; and (ii) subsidies implied by charging below efficient fuel prices. The methodology improves over previous IMF analyses through more sophisticated estimation of costs and impacts of reform. Globally, …
