This overview sets the scene for the various modules in the Renewables 2024 Global Status Report Collection. It provides high-level trends on the status of renewables in the wider fossil fuel-dominated energy system in the context of global challenges such as climate change, development goals and the geopolitical landscape. Urgent …
This paper proposes a projection of macroeconomic and environmental conditions to 2030 in order to help clarify some of the likely major Economic and Environmental challenges facing Developing Economies in their efforts to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. Using the United Nations Policy Model, the paper also assesses the dynamics …
The paper empirically assesses the effect of climate policy stringency on innovation and economic performance, both directly on regulated sectors and indirectly through supply chain relationships. The analysis is based on a combination of firm- and sector-level data, covering 19 countries and the period from 1990 to 2015. The paper …
This paper examines carbon emissions across the garment sector as counted using the two prominent methodologies for calculating emissions – the life cycle assessment (LCA) and carbon accounting in line with the Greenhouse Gas Protocol. The purpose of this paper is to provide insight into where and why the carbon …
A circular carbon economy (CCE) model aims to manage the carbon in the system as opposed to solely working towards its elimination. This policy brief focuses on the carbon capture, utilisation and storage (CCUS) component of such a model in the context of India. It highlights the relevance of this …
This book is interdisciplinary and provides cross-sectoral and multi-dimensional exploration of sustainable development and transportation in South Africa. Drawing on work from different disciplines, the book contributes not only to academia but also seeks to inform urban and regional policy with the view of contributing to the national aspirations of …
This book introduces a multi-disciplinary and comprehensive research on China's long-term low-carbon emission strategies and pathways. After comprehensively considering China’s own socioeconomic conditions, policy design, energy mix, and other macro-development trends and needs, the research team has proposed suggestions on China’s low-carbon development strategies and pathways until 2050, with required …
In April of 2020, the Indian government introduced its Bharat Stage VI (BS VI) emissions standards for all new sales of automobiles, which replaced the Bharat Stage IV (BS IV) norms. While BS VI does not govern carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions (but instead covers pollutants like carbon monoxide [CO], particulate …
This is the latest in a series of studies assessing how manufacturer groups are performing with respect to India’s fuel consumption standards, which are slated to become more stringent in fiscal year (FY) 2022–23. This study also compares the technology included in best-in-class vehicles in Europe and India. India had …
Recent studies show that plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) show a large gap between real-world and official type-approval CO2 emissions. The gap is to a great extent attributed to less frequent charging than anticipated by the type-approval regulation, but also to the use of heating and air-conditioning, which are not …
Coal 2021 is the world’s most comprehensive forecast of coal demand, supply and trade, based on detailed analysis of the most recent data at country and sectoral level, broken down by coal grade (thermal coal, coking coal, pulverised coal injection and lignite). Coal 2021 presents real data for 2019 and …
Multilateral cooperation initiatives (or “climate clubs”) can generate some of the additional action that is needed to achieve the goals agreed in the Paris Agreement. This paper, produced for the German Federal Environmental Authority (Umweltbundesamt UBA), analysed the state of collaboration in four policy areas: energy transition, synthetic fuels, food …
This annual report is part of EPA’s commitment to provide the public with information about new light-duty vehicle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, fuel economy, technology data, and auto manufacturers' performance in meeting the agency’s GHG emissions standards. Model year 2020 new vehicle estimated real world CO2 emissions are at a …
Europe’s electric car boom is at risk of stalling, jeopardising the sales of 18 million battery electric vehicles, new data shows. EU clean car rules have driven plug-in vehicle sales to almost one-fifth of the market. But weak targets between 2022 and 2030 will not require carmakers to deliver on …
This paper estimates an urban carbon dioxide emissions model using satellite-measured carbon dioxide concentrations from 2014 to 2020, for 1,236 cities in 138 countries. The model incorporates the global trend in carbon dioxide concentration, seasonal fluctuations by hemisphere, and a large set of georeferenced variables that incorporate carbon dioxide–intensive industry …
In Paris, all governments solemnly promised to come to COP26 with more ambitious 2030 commitments to close the massive 2030 emissions gap that was already evident in 2015. Three years later the IPCC Special Report on 1.5°C reinforced the scientific imperative, and earlier this year it called a climate “code …
This study explores the implications of current pledges of advanced net-zero and net negative targets, set by 10 leading emitting nations, on the carbon space available for 1.5 °C and 2.0 °C temperature rise. It finds that the current net-zero pledges are enough only to keep the temperature below 2.0 …
The world’s richest 1% are set to have per capita consumption emissions in 2030 that are still 30 times higher than the global per capita level compatible with the 1.5⁰C goal of the Paris Agreement, while the footprints of the poorest half of the world population are set to remain …
The Climate Action Monitor, part of the International Programme for Action of Climate (IPAC), provides a diagnostic policy framework for assessing country progress towards climate objectives. Its goal is to provide a digest of progress towards, and alignment with, Paris Agreement goals to support countries in making better-informed decisions and …
This report presents the latest update to the Global Fuel Economy Initiative’s biannual benchmarking report on light-duty vehicle sales. The report tracks the progress of fuel economy of new light-duty vehicles, providing the latest insights based on a rich dataset covering about 85-90% of global light-duty vehicle sales and extending …
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) continues to make significant progress around the world against a backdrop of greater climate action from countries and private companies. The Global Status of CCS 2021 demonstrates the critical role of CCS as nations and industry accelerate to net-zero. The report provides detailed analyses of …
