Emission Targets

State of the Climate in Asia 2024

The World Meteorological Organization’s State of the Climate in Asia 2024 report warns that the region is warming nearly twice as fast as the global average, driving more extreme weather and posing serious threats to lives, ecosystems, and economies. In 2024, Asia experienced its warmest or second warmest year on …

Paris Agreement climate proposals need a boost to keep warming well below 2 °C

The Paris climate agreement aims at holding global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius and to “pursue efforts” to limit it to 1.5 degrees Celsius. To accomplish this, countries have submitted Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) outlining their post-2020 climate action. Here we assess the effect of current INDCs …

Understanding industrial CCS hubs and clusters

The report, Understanding Industrial CCS Hubs and Clusters explores the economic benefits of building shared infrastructure for multiple small industrial emitters to reduce emissions using CCS. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is already in use across a variety of industrial applications, and has been for decades. A CCS hub and …

The business end of climate change

Aside from national and sub-national governments taking action against climate change, large potential for emission reductions exists in the corporate sector. More and more companies are making commitments to contribute to the long-term targets of the Paris Agreement. These include, for instance, pledges to source electricity from renewables, stop sourcing …

CO2 emissions from new passenger cars in the EU: Car manufacturers’ performance in 2015

This briefing paper summarizes and analyzes preliminary data for 2015 recently released by the European Environment Agency (EEA) on CO2 emissions from new passenger cars in the EU. The EEA data show that the mandatory emission reduction target set by the EU legislation for 2015 has been met on average. …

Opportunities to enhance non-carbon dioxide greenhouse gas mitigation in China

China is making significant progress in the fight against climate change, including a commitment to peak its carbon emissions around 2030. From ramping up its carbon intensity target to limiting coal use to implementing an emissions trading scheme, recent signs show that the country is already beginning to shift toward …

Annual European Union greenhouse gas inventory 1990–2014 and inventory report 2016

This report is the annual submission of the greenhouse gas inventory of the European Union to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. It presents the greenhouse gas emissions between 1990 and 2014 for the EU-28 individual Member States by IPCC sector.

Analysis of key trends and drivers in greenhouse gas emissions in the EU between 1990 and 2014

This paper briefly analyses the major factors that accounted for decreased greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions excluding land use, land use changes and forestry (LULUCF) in the EU-28. It consists of two parts: the first part looks at the year 2014 compared to 2013 and the second part looks at the …

Supply and sustainability of carbon offsets and alternative fuels for international aviation

International aviation produced an estimated 490.4 million tonnes (Mt) of carbon dioxide emissions in 2013, about 1.5% of global CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion that year, and as the role of aviation in the global economy expands, those emissions are expected to rise, to 682–755 Mt by 2020 and …

Wind Vision India 2032 : a multi stakeholder perspective

The Government of India (GoI) has started many ambitious initiatives, including 24x7 Power for All, Make-in-India, Digital India and 100 Smart Cities, besides boosting overall infrastructure development. One of the initiatives is 175 GW of RE by 2022, including 100 GW of solar and 60 GW of wind capacity. Further, …

Wind Vision India 2032 : a multi stakeholder perspective

The Government of India (GoI) has started many ambitious initiatives, including 24x7 Power for All, Make-in-India, Digital India and 100 Smart Cities, besides boosting overall infrastructure development. One of the initiatives is 175 GW of RE by 2022, including 100 GW of solar and 60 GW of wind capacity. Further, …

Climate initiatives, national contributions and the Paris Agreement

In December 2015 Parties adopted the Paris Agreement at the 21st session of the UNFCCC. In its Article 2 governments agreed to limit global warming to “well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels” and to pursue to limit it to 1.5°C (UNFCCC 2015). According to the Fifth Assessment Report of the …

Impact in the forests: the potential for business solutions to combat deforestation in large forest landscapes in Asia

Small and medium-sized Asian businesses specializing in forest and ecosystem services can play a key role in reducing deforestation in the region, according to a new study. The Impact in the Forests: The potential for business solutions to combat deforestation in large forest landscapes in Asia report, explores ways to …

Aggregate effect of the intended nationally determined contributions: an update

This synthesis report on the aggregate effect of the 161 intended nationally determined contributions (INDCs) communicated by 189 Parties by 4 April 2016 provides estimates of the aggregate greenhouse gas emission levels in 2025 and 2030 resulting from the implementation of those INDCs. Those levels are compared with the emission …

Supporting energy pricing reform and carbon pricing policies through crediting

Some work has been done on regulatory policies (such as energy-efficiency standards, including under the Clean Development Mechanism [CDM] and with an aim to reforming the CDM beyond a project-level scope) both from the methodological side and through blueprinting of operational models. Similar approaches were developed for policies such as …

Operationalizing the Paris Agreement Article 6 through the Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM): key issues for linking market mechanisms and the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs)

This report aims to inform the current progress and lessons from the Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM) and how they will contribute to the efforts in climate mitigation, especially for the Post-2020 to achieve the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) in the context of Article 6 of the Paris Agreement. Upon the …

National contributions for decarbonizing the world economy in line with the G7 agreement

In June 2015, the G7 agreed to two global mitigation goals: 'a decarbonization of the global economy over the course of this century' and 'the upper end of the latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) recommendation of 40%–70% reductions by 2050 compared to 2010'. These IPCC recommendations aim to …

Pathways from Paris: assessing the INDC opportunity

At COP21 in Paris, 195 countries agreed to limit global warming to well below 2ºC and pursue efforts to limit it to 1.5ºC. In advance, the participating countries submitted plans to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions – the Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs). Every five years these plans will be …

The Paris Agreement has solved a troubling problem

By endorsing a limit of 1.5 °C, the climate negotiations have effectively defined what society considers dangerous, says Simon L. Lewis.

Track climate pledges of cities and companies

Data transparency is key to accounting for how local governments and the private sector are contributing to global emissions reduction, say Angel Hsu and colleagues.

Differential climate impacts for policy-relevant limits to global warming: the case of 1.5 ◦C and 2 ◦C

Robust appraisals of climate impacts at different levels of global-mean temperature increase are vital to guide assessments of dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. The 2015 Paris Agreement includes a two-headed temperature goal: “holding the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2 ◦C above pre-industrial levels …

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