United States Of America (US)
First food: business of taste
Good Food is First Food. It is not junk food. It is the food that connects nature and nutrition with livelihoods. This food is good for our health; it comes from the rich biodiversity of our regions; it provides employment to people. Most importantly, cooking and eating give us pleasure. …US Pays $1.97 Million to Philippines for Damaged Reef
The Philippine government said Wednesday it had received 87 million pesos ($1.97 million) from the United States to pay for damage caused by a U.S. Navy minesweeper to a protected reef two years ago. Manila received the compensation last month for the damage that resulted from the grounding of the …Vulnerability and adaptation of US shellfisheries to ocean acidification
Ocean acidification is a global, long-term problem whose ultimate solution requires carbon dioxide reduction at a scope and scale that will take decades to accomplish successfully. Until that is achieved, feasible and locally relevant adaptation and mitigation measures are needed. To help to prioritize societal responses to ocean acidification, we …Estimated exposure to arsenic in breastfed and formula-fed infants in a United States cohort
Previous studies indicate that breast milk arsenic concentrations are relatively low even in areas with high drinking water arsenic. However, it is uncertain whether breastfeeding leads to reduced infant exposure to arsenic in regions with lower arsenic concentrations. The researchers estimated the relative contributions of breast milk and formula to …Multi-generational oxidation model to simulate secondary organic aerosol in a 3-D air quality model
Multi-generational gas-phase oxidation of organic vapors can influence the abundance, composition and properties of secondary organic aerosol (SOA). Only recently have SOA models been developed that explicitly represent multi-generational SOA formation. In this work, we integrated the statistical oxidation model (SOM) into SAPRC-11 to simulate the multi-generational oxidation and gas/particle …Ministry asks Delhi govt. for plan on pollution
The Union Environment Ministry has asked the Delhi government to prepare both long-term and short-term plans to tackle air pollution in the Capital following severe criticism on the worsening air quality. Environment Minister Prakash Javadekar on Thursday said pollution in New Delhi was a serious issue and he will be …After China, India's air quality on US check list
Plans To Monitor Other Asian Capitals Too. Forget end use of nuclear fuel, supercomputers, and other frontier science, high-tech stuff that Washington has wanted to review in India for years. Even something as mundane as the quality of air in India is now deemed so suspect that the Obama administration …Improving diabetes prevention with benefit based tailored treatment: risk based reanalysis of Diabetes Prevention Program
The Diabetes Prevention Program was a groundbreaking randomized controlled trial in which the incidence of diabetes was dramatically reduced with a structured lifestyle intervention and significantly reduced with prophylactic metformin in patients at high risk of developing diabetes. This study and others like it introduced the prevention of diabetes with …Restoration of riparian areas following the removal of cattle in the Northwestern Great Basin
We assessed the effects of the elimination of livestock in riparian systems at Hart Mountain National Antelope Refuge in southeastern Oregon, 23 years after the removal of cattle grazing, using 64 photos taken before grazing was removed compared with later retake photos. Two methods were used for this assessment: (1) …Application of WRF/Chem version 3.4.1 over North America under the AQMEII Phase 2: evaluation of 2010 application and responses of air quality and meteorology–chemistry interactions …
The Weather Research and Forecasting model with Chemistry (WRF/Chem) simulation with the 2005 Carbon Bond gas-phase mechanism coupled to the Modal for Aerosol Dynamics for Europe and the Volatility Basis Set approach for Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA) are conducted over a domain in North America for 2006 and 2010 as …Menopausal hormone use and ovarian cancer risk: individual participant meta-analysis of 52 epidemiological studies
Half the epidemiological studies with information about menopausal hormone therapy and ovarian cancer risk remain unpublished, and some retrospective studies could have been biased by selective participation or recall. We aimed to assess with minimal bias the effects of hormone therapy on ovarian cancer risk.Potential of border tax adjustments to deter free riding in international climate agreements
The objective of this study is to conduct assessment of the hypothesis that trade sanctions in the form of border tax adjustments (BTAs) used by the United States against China, constitute a viable enforcement mechanism to sustain compliance with a range of emissions taxes in the context of agreements to …Mercury exposure and antinuclear antibodies among females of reproductive age in the United States: NHANES
Immune dysregulation associated with mercury has been suggested, though data in the general population are lacking. Chronic exposure to low levels of methylmercury (organic) and inorganic mercury is common, such as through fish consumption and dental amalgams. The objective of the study was to examine associations between mercury biomarkers and …Evidence from randomised controlled trials did not support the introduction of dietary fat guidelines in 1977 and 1983: a systematic review and meta-analysis
National dietary guidelines were introduced in 1977 and 1983, by the US and UK governments, respectively, with the ambition of reducing coronary heart disease (CHD) by reducing fat intake. To date, no analysis of the evidence base for these recommendations has been undertaken. The present study examines the evidence from …Understanding the Lima Climate Conference: A proxy battle for the 2015 Paris Agreement
What happened at the Conference of Parties of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change in Lima in December 2014 is a prelude to the bigger battles that can be expected in the three or four meetings scheduled for this year in order to negotiate an entirely new climate agreement …Nuclear agreement with US was within law
MEA spokesperson Syed Akbaruddin, addressing speculation that US nuclear suppliers will be exonerated from any liability in the event of a nuclear disaster, said, “Let me assure you that when we arrived at the understanding with the US, we did so within the four corners of our law, international practice …Estimating pesticide exposure from dietary intake and organic food choices: The multi-ethnic study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)
Organophosphate pesticide (OP) exposure to the US population is dominated by dietary intake. The magnitude of exposure from diet depends partly upon personal decisions such as which foods to eat and whether to choose organic food. Most studies of OP exposure rely on urinary biomarkers, which are limited by short …Exploring the market for third-party-owned residential photovoltaic systems: insights from lease and power-purchase agreement contract structures and costs in California
Over the past several years, third-party-ownership (TPO) structures for residential photovoltaic (PV) systems have become the predominant ownership model in the US residential market. Under a TPO contract, the PV system host typically makes payments to the third-party owner of the system. Anecdotal evidence suggests that the total TPO contract …Assessing the evolving fragility of the global food system
The world food crisis in 2008 highlighted the susceptibility of the global food system to price shocks. Here we use annual staple food production and trade data from 1992–2009 to analyse the changing properties of the global food system. Over the 18 year study period, we show that the global …India’s intended nationally determined contributions: renewable energy and the pathway to Paris
This document outlines one component of India’s INDC submission to the UNFCCC focussing on the renewable energy contribution to its future electricity mix. So far, the Government of India has articulated solar targets for renewable energy, which therefore deserves careful analysis.US food industry neglecting sustainable packaging, report finds
The United States is missing out on $11.4bn in potential recycling revenue, largely contributed to by only recycling 14% of plastic packaging. That's according to a new report - Waste and Opportunity 2015: Environmental Progress and Challenges in Food, Beverage, and Consumer Goods Packaging - published by As You Sow …